【作者】 张杰；

【导师】 乔辉； 黄子鑍；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 材料工程（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 高分子材料在人们生活中的应用非常广泛,遍布衣食住行各个领域。高分子材料以其各种各样的优异的性能为我们的生活带来了多种便利。但高分子材料主要由C、H、O三种元素构成,这导致高分子材料通常易于燃烧,这对于火灾的防治带来很大的不便。因此,对高分子材料进行阻燃处理是一个迫切需要解决的问题。PET是一种饱和脂肪烃聚酯,它主要应用在化纤、聚酯瓶、聚酯薄膜等方面,由于其广泛的应用及其易于燃烧的特性,我们需要对其进行阻燃处理,减弱其火灾危害。目前在无卤阻燃剂中,MPP、MCA、ADP、ZDP这几种阻燃剂用在PET阻燃材料中的研究较少,本课题首先利用这几种阻燃剂分别与PET通过熔融共混制备成阻燃材料,重点研究这几种阻燃剂在低添加量和高添加量时对PET阻燃性能、热稳定性能、力学性能等方面的影响。研究发现ADP的阻燃效率较高,且会提高PET材料的热稳定性,而ZDP的阻燃效率虽然不高,但对PET的成炭具有很好的促进作用,也能提高PET材料的热稳定性能,且对PET材料的力学性能影响较小,因此选取ADP和ZDP作为复配阻燃剂使用。通过对ADP和ZDP的添加量进行细化,研究ADP和ZDP单独添加时PET材料阻燃性能、热稳定性能和力学性能的变化趋势,重点观察ADP和ZDP在不同添加量下对PET材料LOI值、垂直燃烧性能和力学性能的影响。实验结果显示当ADP的添加量大于8wt.%时,PET材料能达到UL 94 V-0级,而当阻燃剂添加量达到12wt.%以上后,对PET材料力学性能的影响较大,因此选定12wt.%为阻燃剂总添加量。以总添加量为12wt.%,调整ADP与ZDP间的比例制备PET阻燃材料。实验结果显示,当ADP:ZDP为4:2时,PET阻燃材料的LOI值为37.2%,UL94等级为V-0级,燃烧时产生的CO较少,能大幅度降低PET燃烧时的热释放量,且对PET材料的力学性能影响较小。更多还原

【Abstract】 Polymer materials are use in a wide range of application of our people’s life,most of things about what we wear,what we eat,what we reside in and what we travel by can’t leave without polymer materials.With so many excellent performances,polymer materials bring a lot of convenience to our life.Polymer materials are mainly constituted by C,H,O-these three kinds of element,which make polymer materials are inflammable.So,to improve the flame retardancy of polymer materials must be an urgent problem.Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)is one kind of aliphatic polyesters,and PET are widely use in chemical fiber,polyester bottle and polyester film.Due to its inflammable we need add flame retardant into PET to prevent the fire hazard.At present,there are less study in flame retardant material of PET using these four kinds of flame retardant about MPP,MCA,ADP and ZDP.This paper firstly uses MPP,MCA,ADP,ZDP to prepare PET flame retardant materials at low content and high content respectively.Study systematically the flame retardance,thermal stability and mechanical performance of four kinds of flame retardant materials.During the research,we find that the addition of ADP can improve the flammability of PET obviously,and it also can improve the thermal stability.The addition of ZDP can’t improve the flammability at all,but there are more charred layers can be find when PET/ZDP composite burning,and the less influence of mechanical performance with ZDP addition.So we chose ADP and ZDP to make composite flame retardant and go on the next step experiment.To prepare PET/ADP and PET/ZDP flame retardant materials with more additive amount,though we can learn more about the variation trend of flammability,thermal stability,mechanical property at different flame retardant addition.The experimental results show that while ADP’s addition in 8wt.%,PET material can achieve V-0 of UL 94 standard,and while the addition of flame retardant more than 12wt.%,there more influence about the mechanical property of PET material.So we chose 12wt.%became the total amount of flame retardant.To adjust the ratio between ADP and ZDP,we learn that,while ADP:ZDP is 4:2,the LOI value of PET composite is 37.2%,and the material can reach to V-0 of UL 94 standard.At the same time,there are less CO generate during the burning process and less heat release can be observed,and less influence in the mechanical property.更多还原