【作者】 陈婷；

【导师】 伍强贤；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 化学工程， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 当前不可生物降解的塑料垃圾严重危害人类的生存环境,因此制备低成本全生物降解的高分子材料势在必行。淀粉-聚己内酯复合材料是一种全生物降解的高分子复合材料。但目前存在的问题是淀粉和聚己内酯(PCL)不相容,力学性能不理想。本文采用微波法成功制备了各种不同种类不同分子量的聚酯多元醇,用聚酯多元醇合成的聚氨酯预聚体(PUP)增容淀粉-聚己内酯高分子复合材料,改善了这种高分子复合材料的界面相容性和机械性能。通过此处探索有望制备出一种低成本和性能优良的高分子复合材料。本文首先以己二酸,丁二醇为原料,钛酸四正丁酯为催化剂,二元酸与二元醇的物质的量比为1:1.2,用电脑微波催化合成萃取仪,在一定的条件下,成功合成了白色蜡状的固体聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇(PBA),并用液体核磁共振波谱和傅立叶变换红外光谱进行了表征。相较于传统的聚酯合成的方法,该方法极大程度的缩短了合成反应的时间,安全性更高。而后通过减压蒸馏的方法,蒸馏出低沸点的水,使酯化反应进一步进行,扩大了 PBA的分子量。运用该方法快速的合成了不同分子量不同种类的聚酯多元醇。如聚己二酸乙二醇酯二醇,聚己二酸己二醇酯二醇,聚丁二酸乙二醇酯二醇,聚丁二酸丁二醇酯二醇(PBS),聚丁二酸己二醇酯二醇等。本文第三章利用合成的数均分子量为1338的聚己二酸己二醇酯二醇与4, 4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯反应,合成聚氨酯预聚体(PHAPU),然后将其与淀粉、聚己内酯在密炼机中熔融混合,制备了一系列的复合材料。在恒温箱中平衡一天后,对复合材料进行傅里叶红外测试和拉力测试,结果显示,加入不同含量的聚酯基聚氨酯预聚体的淀粉—聚己内酯复合材料的相容性和力学性能得到了提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 The current non-biodegradable plastic waste seriously endanger the human living environment, so it is imperative to prepare low-cost biodegradable polymer materials.Starch-polycaprolactone composites can be biodegraded completely. However,their inherent deficiency is that starch and polycaprolactone (PCL) are incompatible and their mechanical properties are poor. In this paper, polyester polyols with different molecular weights were prepared by microwave method and the starch-polycaprolactone polymer composites were modified with synthetic polyurethane prepolymer using polyester polyol to improve the interfacial compatibility and mechanical properties of the polymer composites. Based on the above exploration, it is promising to synthesize a low-cost polymer composite with excellent performance.First, adipic acid and butanediol with a molar ratio of 1: 1.2 were selected as the monomers of copolymerization reaction in which tetra-n-butyl titanate acted as catalyst in this aticle. Then the white waxy solid was generated under specific conditions with the computer microwave catalytic synthesis of extractor and characterized by liquid nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),which demonstrated that PBA was successfully acquired. Compared with the traditional synthesis method of polyester, this PBA preparation procedure took much less time and had higher security. Subsequently, the low boiling water was distilled by the vaccum distillation, thus increasing the degree of esterification reaction and PBA molecular weights in the meantime. Therefore, polyester polyols with various types and molecular weights can be achieved rapidly, including polyethylene adipate diol, polyhexamethylene adipate diol, polybutylene succinate diol, polybutylene succinate diol (PBS),polybutylene glycol dihexanediol diol, etc.Next, the synthesized hexanediol adipate diol with molecular weight of 1338 was used to react with 4,4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), resulting in the generation of polyurethane prepolymer (PHAPU) in the third chapter. And then PHAPU, starch and polycaprolactone were blended in a internal mixer to prepare a series of composite materials. The composites were kept in the incubator to equilibrate for one day, followed by the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the tension test of these different composites. The results showed that the compatibility and mechanical properties of the starch-polycaprolactone composites with different contents of polyester-based polyurethane prepolymers have been improved.更多还原