【作者】 刘学敏；

【导师】 周卫东； 苏中滨；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 卫星定位系统已经成为推动经济发展、维护国家利益不可缺少的一个重要部分,所以各个国家也加大了对卫星定位系统的发展。北斗卫星系统的建成,促进了我国卫星定位技术的发展,对我国军民两个领域的应用有更长远的重要意义。随着各国卫星定位系统的兴建和完善,几大卫星系统组合的技术与应用成为了国内外学者关注和研究的热点。基于将BD-2和GPS观测量融合来改善系统定位性能的想法,本文对BD-2和GPS卫星组合定位系统中的几个关键问题进行了研究。首先,本文介绍了 BD-2和GPS两个系统的基本组成、目前的发展状况和以后的发展趋势;重点分析了 BD-2和GPS两个系统的星座特点以及信号参数,总结了两个系统的异同点,根据异同点讨论了 BD-2和GPS两个系统组合的可行性,通过仿真分析了公开信号的兼容性和信号重叠部分可以进行互操作;给出了 BD-2和GPS两个系统时间不同、坐标不同的处理方法。其次,详细分析了 BD-2/GPS卫星组合系统定位的误差源,并给出对各个不同误差源消除、修正或抑制的解决方法;建立BD-2/GPS卫星组合系统码定位数学模型,利用加权最小二乘法对BD-2/GPS卫星组合定位进行解算;根据BD-2的星座参数,运用STK仿真软件建立BD-2系统星座,并分析BD-2系统的定位性能;对于BD-2系统、GPS系统和BD-2/GPS卫星组合系统在全球各个地区以及哈尔滨地区的定位性能进行了仿真;根据仿真结果,比较得出BD-2/GPS卫星组合系统在可见星数量和定位精度方面都明显优于单系统。最后,由于BD-2/GPS卫星组合系统定位时可见星数量大大增加,为了权衡定位解算计算量和定位精度,本文对BD-2/GPS卫星组合系统选星算法进行了改进;通过仿真对本文提出的基于人工蜂群的选星算法与传统的最佳GDOP值法进行了比较,得出本文的算法不但可以满足定位精度,而且明显地减少了计算量,改善了系统的实时性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Satellite positioning system plays an important role in economic development and national interests safeguard, therefore every country attaches high importance to the development of satellite positioning system. The construction of Beidou satellite system promotes the development of China’s satellite positioning technology which has long-term significance for the applications in the areas of military and civilian. With the establishment and improvement of satellite positioning system in many countries, the technology and application of several major satellite systems have become the research focus of international scholars. Based on the idea that measurement information of BD-2 and GPS can be used to improve the positioning performance of the system, several key issues of BD-2 and GPS satellite positioning systems are discussed in this paper.Firstly, the basic components, the current status and future development trends of BD-2 and GPS systems are introduced respectively; the constellations characteristics and signal parameters of BD-2 and GPS systems are emphatically analyzed. The similarities and differences between the two systems are summarized in order to analyze the feasibility of the combination of BD-2 and GPS. Through simulation, the compatibility of public signal and interaction for overlapping signal is analyzed, and the processing method of BD-2 and GPS systems with different times and different coordinates is given.Secondly, the error sources of BD-2/GPS satellite integrated system are discussed in detail, and the solutions to eliminating, correcting or suppressing each error source are given.The mathematical model of BD-2/GPS satellite integrated system is established and the positioning solver of BD-2/GPS is calculated by using the weighted least squares method.According to the constellation parameters of BD-2 system, constellation for BD-2 system is built by using STK simulation software and its positioning performance is also analyzed. The positioning performances of BD-2 system, GPS system and satellite BD-2/GPS satellite integrated system all over the world as well as in Harbin are simulated. It can be concluded from the simulation results that the BD-2/GPS satellite integrated system has significantly better performance than the single system in the number of visible stars and positioning accuracy.Finally, due to the fact that the number of visible stars for BD-2/GPS integrated satellite system increases greatly, the satellite selection algorithm used in BD-2/GPS satellite integrated system is improved in this paper in order to weigh the amount of computation for positioning solver and positioning accuracy. Through simulation, the differences between satellite selection algorithm based on artificial bee colony and the traditional best GDOP value algorithm are discussed in this paper. The results show that under the premise of meeting the positioning accuracy the algorithm greatly reduces the calculation and improves the real-time performance of system.更多还原