【作者】 张玲；

【导师】 李军；

【作者基本信息】 新疆大学 ， 法律（法学）（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 《物权法》第24条规定特殊动产未经登记,不得对抗善意第三人。但是由于此法条作为不完整法条仅规定登记的对抗效力,并没有明确其生效要件,引起学者纷纷著书立说,对该类标的物的生效要件和登记的效力展开讨论。主要有“合意生效+登记对抗”、“交付生效+登记对抗”、“交付生效+登记生效”学说。《买卖合同司法解释》第10条规定在一物数卖的情况下:交付优先、登记优先、合同成立在前优先的规则,解决了一般情况下该类标的物的一物数卖所有权的判断问题,但是对于该类标的物一物数卖情况下登记在前、交付在后以及观念交付下双重交付问题并没有规定。《物权法司法解释(一)》第六条规定,在买受人支付了对价并取得占有的情况下,转让人的债权人不属于善意第三人的范畴。但是此规则并没有达到立法者的预期目的,而且与现有的司法解释和法律规定相矛盾。本文除引言外,分为三部分。第一部分主要是特殊动产的物权变动规则概述。《物权法》第24条并没有使用“特殊动产”这一概念,在其出台后,学者们有的将这类动产表述为“注册动产”,有的将其称为“准不动产”,《买卖合同司法解释》第十条出台后才将这类动产定义为特殊动产。对机动车、航空器、船舶的物权变动进行特殊规定,并不是我们国家所独有的,我国是在借鉴别的国家的基础上进行规定的。因此,本章介绍了其他国家对此类动产的规定。该类标的物的物权变动规则究竟为何,学者对此有不同的观点,包括“合意生效+登记对抗”、“交付生效+登记对抗”以及“交付生效+登记生效”。笔者对各个学说的支撑点进行了阐述并对其进行分析。第二部分重点分析了该规则所存在的问题。《买卖合同司法解释》第十条对该类标的物的一物数卖问题进行了基本规定。但是其第十条第4项颇具争议,笔者对此进行了分析,认为其并没有对登记在先、交付在后的情形进行规定。该类标的物一物数卖还存在的一个问题是观念交付下,双重交付的所有权确认问题,《买卖合同司法解释》第10条也没有对其进行规定。《物权法司法解释(一)》第六条是对善意第三人的范围进行规制,对《物权法》第24条内容的补充,但是由于其与《买卖合同司法解释》所存在的逻辑错误,并没有取得预期的效果。该规则的重要一点就是确定善意第三人的范围,但是我国现有的法律规定并没有给予明确,这就会造成司法实践的难题。第三部分主要内容是分析该规则问题产生的原因和完善的方案。其产生的原因是由于其与一般动产不同的公示制度,不仅包括交付还包括登记,但是却赋予二者不同的效力,使行为人难以判断真实的权利状态。在对特殊动产物权变动规则的完善方案上,笔者提出了将登记纳入该类标的物善意取得的判断标准,在观念交付的双重交付下适用善意取得制度,《物权法司法解释(一)》第六条中“支付对价”要素删除以及善意第三人的范围仅指已经登记的抵押权的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The twenty-fourth article of the property law stipulates that a special chattel can not be opposed to bona fide third persons without registration.However,because the law only specifies the effectiveness of registration as an incomplete law,there is no definite reason for its entry into force,which causes that the scholars have written articles to discuss the dynamic effect of special elements and the property of the registration : mainly including " entry into force of consensus + registration confrontation",“entry into force of delivery + registration against","delivery and registration can cause special property right changes." According to the tenth interpretations of the Judicial Interpretation of the Contract of Sale,In the case of a small amount of goods sold: The rules which include delivery priority,registration priority,prior to the establishment of the contract solve the problem of deciding the ownership of a particular movable property under normal circumstances,but for a special chattel which is sold for times,there is no provision for the problems including prior registration,after delivery and double delivery under concept delivery.According to the sixth interpretations of the Judicial Interpretation of the Property Law 0ne,The creditor of the assignor does not belong to the bona fide third party in the case where the buyer pays the price and obtains the possession.However,this rule does not meet the expected purpose of legislators,and contradicts with the existing judicial interpretations and legal provisions.In addition to the introduction,this article is divided into three chapters.In addition to the introduction,this paper is divided into three chapters.The first part is an overview of the property rights change rules of special chattels.The twenty-fourth of the Property Law does not use the concept of special chattels,some scholars expressed this kind of movable property as "registered chattels",some called it“quasi real estate ",after the introduction of the judicial interpretation of the contract for sale,this kind of movable property was defined as a special chattels.Special provisions on the movement of real right in motor vehicles,aircraft and ships are not unique to our country,but our country is based on the identification of other countries.Therefore,this chapter introduces the provisions of other countries on such movable property.Scholars have different views on the real right change rules of special chattels," entry into force of consensus + registration confrontation ",“entry into force of delivery + registration against",“entry into force of delivery+ entry into force of the registration.The author expounds and analyzes the supporting points of each theory.The second part focuses on the problems existing in the rules of change of special chattels rights in China.The tenth interpretations of the Judicial Interpretation of the Sale and Purchase Contract provides basic provisions on the issue of the sale of special property.However,the fourth items of the tenth interpretations are controversial,the author thinks that it does not register the first,after the delivery of the situation to register.One issue of the sale of special chattels is the problem of ownership confirmation under the delivery of ideas,and the tenth interpretations of the Judicial Interpretation of the Sale Contract does not provide for it.The sixth interpretations of the Judicial Interpretation of Property Law regulates the scope of the bona fide third party,and complements the contents of the twenty-fourth interpretations of the Property Law,but because of its logical error with the judicial interpretation of the sale and purchase contract,and did not achieve the desired results..The main content of the third part is to analyze the causes and perfect schemes of the rules of change of special chattels rights.The reason is that the publicity system,which is different from the general movable property,not only includes the delivery but also the registration,but gives the two different effects,making it difficult for the actor to judge the true state of rights.On the improvement of the rules of change of special real property rights,the author puts forward of the judgment standard of incorporating the registration into the special judgment of the special chattels and the deletion of the "payment consideration" element in the sixth interpretations of the judicial interpretation of property law one.更多还原