【作者】 王晴；

【导师】 杜立民；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 人口、资源与环境经济学， 2017， 硕士

【副题名】基于中国地级市面板数据的研究

【摘要】 自上世纪60年代以来,保护环境逐渐引起世界各国政府和人民的重视,在经济发展的同时拥有优质的环境也成为世界人民共同的重要诉求。世界各国政府开始重视治理环境污染的问题,陆续出台标准越来越严格的环境政策。环境政策在治理环境污染的同时,会怎样影响社会经济成为了中外学者普遍关注的课题,其中环境保护与贸易增长的问题是研究的重要课题之一。本文在已有相关文献的基础上,从污染与治理现状分析、理论传导机制分析和实证分析这三个方面分别进行了阐述。本文以1998年实施的"两控区"政策作为自然实验分析对象。首先,本文对我国酸雨及二氧化硫污染及治理现状、"两控区"政策的具体分配方案与政策措施进行了阐述;之后,对环境政策与出口贸易之间的理论传导机制进行了分析;最后,利用1990到2013的中国各地级市经济与社会发展数据,借助倍差分析法(Difference in Difference,DID),在动态面板模型分析框架下,验证了"两控区"政策实施的有效性,并进一步探究了政策实施对出口的影响,同时从区位因素与政治因素两个方面对回归结果进行了稳健性检验。本文的研究结果显示,实行"两控区"政策后,"两控区"政策区内城市的工业二氧化硫排放量显著减小14.67%,说明"两控区"政策在一定程度上的确限制了二氧化硫的排放;"两控区"政策区内城市的出口总量的显著增加29.28%,说明"两控区"政策在一定程度上刺激了出口贸易,"两控区"政策区内城市的出口贸易总额大于区外城市。其中,西部地区相比东中部地区更易从"两控区"政策中获益,经济特区城市相比非经济特区城市更易受到"两控区"政策的影响。最后,本文对环境保护及环境政策提出了相关的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 1960s,the protection of the environment gradually caused the attention of governments around the world,enjoy good quality of environment with rapid development of economic at the same time had become an important appeal to the people of the world,most countries in the world began to realize the urgency of the environmental pollution,and had been implemented increasingly stringent environmental regulation policy.How the environmental regulation would affect the social economic indicators besides the limitation of the emissions also became a common concern of scholars at home and abroad,and the subject of environmental protection and trade growth is one of the important topics.Based on the existing literature,this paper analyzes this subject from three aspects respectively:present situation analysis、theoretical analysis and empirical analysis.This paper takes the "Two Control Zones" policies which implemented in 1998 as the object of natural experiment.First,I summarizes the concrete scheme and measure of the "Two Control Zones" policies and the present status of sulfur dioxide and acid rain pollution in our country;After that,I analysis the theoretical mechanism of environmental regulation and export trade;Finally,I use the data of economic and social development around the city level from 1990 to 2013,with the difference in difference analysis method to verify the effective of the implementation of "Two Control Zones" policies and explore its impact on the exports,and I make the robust test of the results from two aspects of location factors and political factors.The empirical results show that after the implementation of the "Two Control Zones "policies,industrial sulfur dioxide emissions in the cities of two control zones decreased by 14.67%,indicating the "Two Control Zones"policies do limit the sulfur dioxide emissions to a certain extent;And the total exports of the cities in two control zones increased by 29.28%."Two Control Zones "policies promote the export trade to a certain extent.Among them,the western regions are more likely to benefit from "Two Control Zones" policies compared to the central and eastern regions,and the special economic zones are more likely to be affected by the "Two Control Zones" policies than the non special economic zones.Finally,I put forward some relevant policy recommendations on environmental regulation.更多还原