【作者】 蔡敬敏；

【导师】 刘毅玮；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 随着城镇化进程的加快,学龄前留守儿童的规模快速膨胀,为进一步了解留守低龄儿童面临的突出问题和迫切需求,为了留守儿童的教育培养工作更科学高效,本研究采用移情连续体测量法考察了4-6留守儿童的移情发展,用问卷法(教师评)考察了儿童的情绪调控策略和偏差行为的发展特点,最后用bootstrap法检验了情绪调控策略对移情和偏差行为的遮掩作用。结果发现:1.4-6岁留守儿童在移情各因子上的得分具有显著的年龄差异,但不具有性别差异。不同留守类型和留守时间下的儿童在移情各因子上的得分无显著差异。2.不同年龄儿童在情绪调节各因子上的得分有显著差异。男女孩在情绪调节各因子上的得分均无显著差异。不同留守时间儿童只在被动应付策略上的得分有显著差异。不同留守类型儿童在情绪调节各因子上的得分均无显著差异3.男孩比女孩在不遵守规则因子上的得分显著高。6岁组儿童比4、5岁组儿童在多动和注意力分散因子上得分显著高。4岁组儿童比5、6岁组儿童在冲动因子上的得分显著高。父母一方外出的儿童比双方都外出的儿童在多动因子上的得分显著高。不同留守时间儿童在偏差行为各因子上的得分均无显著差异。4.移情与情绪调控策略呈显著正相关,情绪调控策略与偏差行为呈显著正相关,移情对偏差行为的总效应不显著,但移情对偏差行为的直接效应显著,情绪调控在移情与偏差行为之间存在遮掩效应。移情对个体健康的人际关系和整体幸福感至关重要,同时能有效抑制偏差行为的发生。建议学校教师应多关注儿童移情的发展,加强移情能力的训练,并同时给予儿童情绪调控策略的指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the process of urbanization accelerating,the population of preschool left-behind children grows rapidly.To explore further the outstanding problem and urgent demands of preschool left-behind children and to educate left-behind children more scientifically and efficiently,the empathy of 4-6 year-old left-behind children was studied with empathy continuum tool.Then emotion regulation strategy and deviant behavior of left-behind children was investigated by questionnaire.Finally the blanket effect of emotion regulation strategy on empathy and deviant behavior was examined by bootstrap method.The results showed:1.There is remarkable difference in the level of empathy,but no difference between boys and girls as left-behind style and staying time.2.There is remarkable age differences in emotion regulation strategy’s factors,but no gender,no left-behind style differences.There is remarkable staying time differences in passive dealing.3.The boys have more behaviors of breaking the rules than girls.Six year-old children have more hyperactivity behaviors and division of attention than others.Four year-old children have more impulsive action than others.The children without parents stay at home have more hyperactivity behaviors than children with one parent stay at home.There is no staying time difference in deviant behavior.4.The positive correlation between empathy and emotion regulation strategy is remarkable.The positive correlation between emotion regulation strategy and deviant behavior is remarkable too.The total effect of empathy to deviant behavior is no significant.But the direct effect is obvious.The blanket effect of emotion regulation strategy on empathy and deviant behavior exist.Empathy is important for human’s relationship and well-being.It can inhibit deviant behavior well.Researchers,hence,put forwards some suggestions: teachers should pay more attentions on children’s empathy development,train empathy and guide children’s emotion regulation strategy.更多还原