【作者】 张静静；

【导师】 吕丹；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 区域经济学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 东北装备制造业一直是其传统的主导产业。随着我国经济发展进入中高速增长时期,东北装备制造业也受到影响,发展缓慢,与国内其他区域发展差距较大。东北地区被称为"共和国装备部",建国初期形成重工业基地,装备制造业对东北地区的发展影响很大。装备制造业具有产业关联性强、产品类别多、吸纳就业人数多的特点,因此研究东北装备制造业如何更好地在东北地区有序健康发展,对该地区经济发展具有很强的现实意义。本文通过研读国内外研究成果,利用区域梯度转移理论、产业集聚理论、工业区位论、区域增长极理论对东北装备制造业的发展现状与区域发展特点进行详细的分析。通过比较,本文发现东北装备制造业具有产业集中度低、产品附加值低、自主创新能力水平低、各地区发展不平衡的特点,发展面临的挑战大。本文综合考虑以上因素将东北地区装备制造业的发展优化定位于发展优势产业和高新技术产业,并将影响装备制造业发展的区域因素分为创新因素、人口因素、资金因素、基础设施因素、区位因素、进出口因素以及政策因素进行综合考察。利用2000-2013年的东北装备制造业的面板数据,采用灰色关联分析法和主成分计量模型,对影响东北地区装备制造业在东北地区发展的因素做了比较全面的分析。通过实证研究,发现东北地区装备制造业的发展过程与趋势与国有经济的比重、进出口比重、固定资产投入、产业集聚度、市场占有率等要素的变化影响是高度相关的,而研发投入和劳动生产率对其影响反而较弱,与一般性的经济规律有相悖之处。由此可见,东北地区的装备制造业发展受政府政策和经济体制、市场机制的影响颇深,尤其是大量的国企对其发展影响较大。东北装备制造业优化发展应该着力构建健康、有序的市场经济,做好国有企业改革的工作,逐渐将竞争的核心要素一技术研发、创新等要素培育成为其产业发展的核心要素,培养高科技人才,对其发展起到真正带动作用。最后本文从六个角度对东北装备制造业的发展提出对策建议:一是发挥东北区域内外比较优势,深入挖掘东北老工业基地的发展潜能;二是转变政府职能,发挥政府在推动建立区域自由化产业运行秩序的作用,创建优质的市场运行环境;三是以国企改革为契机,深化东北国企改革,鼓励混合所有制在产业内的有序发展。东北国企应该在创新、产品质量和管理上下功夫,完善企业的治理模式和经营机制。四是利用区域溢出效应,改善自身的技术发展环境,提高自主创新水平,培养高科技人才,建立技术研发中心,为创新提供良好环境;五是优化进出口结构,建立知名品牌,扩大对外贸易;六是优化产业区域布局,逐步完成产业集群的建设,充分利用产业集聚的规模效应,合理分工,优化产业布局。更多还原

【Abstract】 Northeast equipment manufacturing industry has been the dominant industry.With the rapid growth of China’s economic development,the northeast equipment manufacturing industry has also been affected,slow development,and other regional development gap.Northeast region known as the "Republic of the Ministry of equipment",the early stage of the establishment of a heavy industrial base,equipment manufacturing industry on the development of the northeast region of great influence.The equipment manufacturing industry has a strong industry relationship,product categories and characteristics of absorbing employment,so the research of northeast equipment manufacturing industry how to better in the northeast region of the orderly and healthy development,has the very strong practical significance to the economic development of the region.Through the research of domestic and foreign research results,using the regional gradient transfer theory,industrial agglomeration theory,industrial location theory,regional growth pole theory development and regional development characteristics of northeast equipment manufacturing industry to conduct a detailed analysis.Through the comparison,this dissertation finds that the northeast equipment manufacturing industry has the characteristics of low industrial concentration,low value-added products,low level of independent innovation ability and unbalanced regional development.Considering the above factors the northeast equipment manufacturing industry the development of optimal positioning in the development of competitive industries and high-tech industries,and regional factors will affect the development of the equipment manufacturing industry is divided into innovation factors,demographic factors,financial factors and infrastructure factors,location factors,import and export factors and policy factors and comprehensive study.The panel data of the manufacturing industry with 2000-2013 years of northeast equipment,using grey correlation analysis and principal component analysis of the econometric model of northeast equipment manufacturing industry development of five positive related key factors,two important factors negatively correlated,there are five relatively weak influence factor,the influence factors of the Northeast in the equipment manufacturing industry to do a comprehensive analysis.Through empirical research,discovering the elements affected the northeast equipment manufacturing industry development process and trend and the proportion of state-owned economy,import and export,the proportion of fixed asset investment,industrial agglomeration,market share is highly relevant,but weaker effect and R&D investment and labor productivity of the,is incompatible with the general economic laws and the.Thus,the development of equipment manufacturing industry in Northeast China by the impact of government policy and institutional mechanisms is quite deep,state-owned enterprises have a greater impact on the.Optimize the development of equipment manufacturing industry in Northeast China should focus on constructing a healthy and orderly market economy,make the reform of state-owned enterprises,and gradually the core elements of competition-technology R&D and innovation cultivation as the core elements of the industrial development,cultivate high-tech talent,to the real leading role for its development.Finally,this dissertation puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions of development from six angles of northeast equipment manufacturing industry:one is to play the northeast region and beyond comparative advantage,dig the potential development of the northeast old industrial base;two is the transformation of government functions,the role of government in promoting the establishment of regional liberalization of industry operation order,create a good market environment;the three is the reform of state-owned enterprises as an opportunity to deepen the reform of state owned enterprises in Northeast China,to encourage the orderly development of mixed ownership in industry.Northeast State-owned enterprises should be in innovation,product quality and management efforts to improve the corporate governance model and operating mechanism.Four is the use of regional technology spillover effect,improve their own development environment,improve the level of independent innovation,cultivating high-tech talents,the establishment of technology research and development center,to provide a good environment for innovation;five is to optimize the structure of import and export,the establishment of well-known brands,expanding foreign trade;six is to optimize the industrial layout,and gradually complete the construction of industrial clusters,fully the scale effect of industrial agglomeration,rational division of labor,optimize the industrial layout.更多还原