仓鼠日眠状态下的心率变异性分析

【作者】 张宇；

【导师】 李锦；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 心脏是生物非常重要的机体器官,具有十分复杂的构造和功能。在自主神经和交感神经的交替控制下、外界环境因素以及自身情绪等诸多条件的影响下,呈现出复杂的波动特性,即心率变异性。通过心率变异性信号的波动特性与生物的活动状态相联系,进而分析二者之间的潜在关系,探索生物体的生命机理。本文通过心率变异性信号为研究对象,探索仓鼠在日眠状态下心率变异性的特点。研究中分别对仓鼠的体温变化曲线作出统计,对日眠过程中的心率变异性信号应用几何分布法,功率谱法,去趋势波动分析法作出统计。运用几种方法在不同的日眠阶段得到的曲线变化情况基本吻合,说明了分析方法的正确性和可行性,区分出日眠的不同阶段所表现出的体温和心率变异性的差异,并通过功率谱法和去趋势波动分析得到了交感神经和迷走神经的交替控制,心率变异性信号的长程相关性的变化。具体研究及结论如下：(1)通过观测仓鼠体温的变化来区分日眠的不同阶段。清醒状态时仓鼠体温保持恒定,由清醒进入休眠状态时,仓鼠体温逐步下降,在达到深眠状态时其体温下降到一个极值点并维持不变,保持稳定状态。经过一段时间后当仓鼠由深眠状态唤醒时其体温开始出现回升并达到活跃时的状态。通过仓鼠日眠状态的体温变化来整体上把握整个日眠过程。(2)对仓鼠日眠过程中的心率变异性信号做线性分析,通过RR间期统计图分布可知,仓鼠在休眠后伴有心律失常,指示机体的健康程度有所下降,且双峰的出现是仓鼠进入日眠状态的重要特性。通过功率谱的分析,得到了仓鼠日眠的不同阶段自主神经和交感神经的交替控制的影响。在进入休眠的过程中,交感神经控制水平不断加强,迷走神经的控制不断降低,指示仓鼠在日眠过程中呼吸系统,消化系统和循环系统的活动降低,生理活动下降。(3)对仓鼠日眠过程中的心率变异性信号做非线性分析。通过去趋势波动分析的方法,得到了仓鼠在日眠的不同阶段心率变异性信号的长程相关性的变化。活跃状态下其心率变异性信号呈高度的长程正相关,在进入日眠状态后相关性逐渐减弱,在达到深眠状态时,心率变异性信号呈现长程负相关的特性。从深眠状态唤醒时,心率变异性信号再次变为长程正相关。表明了日眠的不同阶段心率变异性信号呈现出不同的相关特性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The heart is a very important organism, it has a very complex structure and function. Under the control of autonomic nerve and sympathetic nerve, the external environment factors and the influence of their own emotions, and many other conditions, showing a complex fluctuation characteristics, namely heart rate variability. By fluctuation characteristics of heart rate variability signal with active biological linked, and then analyze the potential relationship to explore the mechanism of the organism’s life through the fluctuation characteristics of heart rate variability signal.In this paper, heart rate variability signals as the research object, explore the characteristics of heart rate variability in daily sleep state. Respectively in the study of the temperature change curve in hamster, on day sleeps in the process of heart rate variability signals by the method of geometric distribution, power spectrum method, the trend analysis method to make statistical fluctuations. Several methods used in different sleep stage changes to get the curve of the basic, illustrates the correctness and feasibility of the method, distinguish the day sleep in different stages of body temperature and heart rate variability, and through the power spectrum method and trend fluctuation analysis obtained the sympathetic nerve and vagus nerve of alternate control, changes in the long-range correlation of heart rate variability signals. The specific research and conclusions are as follows:(1) In the different stages of day sleeps observation hamster temperature changes. When awake hamster maintain a constant body temperature, by the waking to enter a dormant state, hamster temperature decreased gradually and deep sleep state is reached when the temperature dropped to an extreme value point and maintain a constant, stable state. After a period of time when the hamster waked up from the deep sleep state its body temperature began to rebound and achieve active state. Through hamster, sleep state of temperature changes to grasp the whole process of sleep the whole day.(2) Day hibernation sleep in the process of heart rate variability signals do linear analysis, use geometric distribution statistics and power spectrum, respectively. In the entire history of the curve changes with temperature changes in the basic, and through the analysis of power spectrum, the hamster day sleep at different stages of autonomic nerve and sympathetic nerve and the effect of the alternating control. From the active state to a dormant state control of the sympathetic nervous gradually strengthen, and the control of the vagus nerve weakened gradually. From a dormant state to the active control of the sympathetic nerve weakened gradually, the vagus nerve control gradually strengthened.(3) Day hibernation sleep in the process of heart rate variability signal do nonlinear analysis. To fluctuation trend analysis method, we get the hamster in the different stages of day sleep changes in heart rate variability signals of long-range correlation. Of the heart rate variability signals is highly active state long-range positive correlation, correlation on entering the day sleep state, when reach deep sleep state, the characteristics of heart rate variability signals present long-range negative correlation. Waked up from a deep sleep state, heart rate variability signals again into a long-term positive correlation. Show the different stages of day sleep heart rate variability signal presents different features.更多还原