【作者】 刘平；

【导师】 伍俏平； 曹兴源；

【作者基本信息】 湖南科技大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 芳纶纤维复合材料具有抗疲劳性好、比强度高、可设计性强等优异性能,在航天航空、汽车及军工等方面都得到了广泛应用。钻削加工是芳纶纤维复合材料常用的制孔加工技术,但由于芳纶纤维复合材料存在纤维各向异性、层间抗剪性差、导热性差等特性,加工时常存在钻头磨损严重、加工精度难以得到保证、易产生加工缺陷等问题。针对芳纶纤维复合材料的难加工性,本文采用普通硬质合金钻头和超细晶硬质合金钻头对芳纶1414增强环氧树脂基层合型复合材料板进行钻削实验,深入开展了钻削力、钻削温度、加工缺陷以及刀具磨损等研究,为该类材料制孔加工技术提供技术指导。论文主要内容如下:采用普通硬质合金钻头和超细晶硬质合金钻头对芳纶纤维复合材料板进行钻削实验,分析了两种钻头所产生的钻削力的变化过程以及钻削加工参数对钻削力的影响规律,并对比分析了两种钻头所产生的钻削力。结果表明:在相同条件下,钻削力随主轴转速的增大而减小、随进给速度的增大而增大,且采用超细晶硬质合金钻头所产生的钻削力比普通硬质合金钻头所产生的钻削力降低了40%以上。研究了钻削加工参数对钻削温度影响的变化规律以及对比分析了两种钻头所产生的钻削温度。结果表明:在相同条件下,所产生的钻削温度随主轴转速的增大而增大、随进给速度的增大而减小,采用超细晶硬质合金钻头所产生的钻削温度比普通硬质合金钻头所产生的钻削温度最大温差降低了85℃左右。对比分析了两种钻头钻削芳纶纤维复合材料板所产生的毛边和热损伤情况,实验结果表明:超细晶硬质合金钻头制孔所导致的毛边和热损伤缺陷少,其加工质量明显较优。阐述了钻削过程中刀具的磨损形态以及刀具磨损所产生的原因,并对两种刀具的磨损情况进行对比分析,结果发现超细晶硬质合金钻头的磨损相对较少,更加适合钻削此类型复合材料,且其磨损量随主轴转速的增大而增大、随进给速度的增大而增大,并找到了适合实际加工的加工参数,即主轴转速4000r/min、进给速度90mm/min。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aramid composites are of good fatigue resistance, high specific strength and strong design ability,and they are widely applied to aviation and space,automobile industry and military industry.The drilling process is the most common ways to make holes.But because aramid composites have specializations of the anisotropy of fiber,shearing strength at intersection and thermal conductivity,there are some problems of serious wear on drill unsure machining accuracy and processing fault.In view of the difficult processing property of aramid fiber composites.In this paper, the experimental research on drilling force,drilling temperature,machining defects and tool wear of aramid fiber 1414 reinforced epoxy resin composites drilled by ordinary solid carbide twist drill and ultrafine cemented carbide bit. It provides the technical guidance for the hole processing technology of this kind of materials.The main contents of this paper are as follows:The drilling experiment of aramid fiber composite board is made by using the common hard alloy bit and the ultrafine grain cemented carbide bit.The changing process of drilling force produced by two kinds of drills and the influence of drilling parameters on the drilling force are analyzed.And the drilling force produced by two kinds of drill bit is analyzed and compared.Results show:Under the same conditions,the drilling force decreases with the increase of the speed of the spindle, and the opposite trend is presented with the increase of the feed rate.And the drilling force produced by the ultrafine grained cemented carbide bit is smaller than that of the ordinary hard alloy bit by 40% or more.The reasons of the curve of the drilling temperature change caused by the two kinds of drill bits are analyzed.The variation rules of drilling parameters on the drilling temperature are studied,and the drilling temperature of the two kinds of drills are analyzed and compared.Results show : Under the same conditions, the drilling temperature increases with the increase of the spindle speed and decreases with the increase of the feed rate.The drilling temperature produced by the ultra fine grain cemented carbide bit is 85 ℃ lower than that of the ordinary carbide bit.Comparison and analysis of two different materials of drilling bit aramid fibercomposite material plate produced by the burrs and thermal damage.The experimental results show that the burr and the thermal damage defects of ultrafine cemented carbide drill hole caused by the less.Its processing quality is obviously superior.This paper describes the tool wear patterns and the causes of tool wear during the process of drilling.And comparative analysis of the wear of the two kinds of tool.The results show that the wear of the ultra fine cemented carbide bit is relatively small,which is more suitable for drilling this type of composite material. The wear rate increases with the increase of the spindle speed, and increases with the increase of the feed rate.Found the suitable processing parameters, namely the spindle speed4000r/min, feed rate 90mm/min.更多还原