【作者】 王健；

【导师】 黄英；

【作者基本信息】 重庆医科大学 ， 儿科学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:对超重和正常体重过敏性哮喘患儿屋尘螨变应原标准化皮下注射特异性免疫治疗前后皮肤点刺试验(SPT)尘螨过敏原强度的分析。方法:215例SPT屋尘螨、粉尘螨均阳性的过敏性哮喘患儿纳入该研究,按照体重指数分为超重组(63例)和正常组(152例),比较两组标准化皮下注射特异性免疫治疗前、6个月、1年后屋尘螨、粉尘螨过敏原皮肤指数(SI)变化情况。结果:超重组组胺皮丘直径较正常组大(P<0.05),两组屋尘螨、粉尘螨SI未见明显统计学差异;治疗后6个月及1年,患儿屋尘螨SI、粉尘螨SI均较治疗前有所下降(P<0.05),而组胺直径水平未见随时间变化而变化。治疗后6个月、1年,两组屋尘螨SI、粉尘螨SI均可见明显下降,但超重组较正常组下降更多。结论:超重过敏性哮喘患儿对组胺反应更加强烈;特异性免疫治疗能够降低尘螨过敏强度;在特异性免疫治疗1年内,超重过敏性哮喘患儿尘螨过敏程度下降更明显。目的:研究屋尘螨变应原制剂皮下注射特异性免疫治疗过敏性哮喘患儿对非尘螨类过敏原狗毛、猫毛、蟑螂、香烟、花粉、霉菌、豚草、艾蒿的过敏性强度降低情况。方法:我院哮喘专科门诊收治的172例,皮肤点刺试验(SPT)阳性的过敏性哮喘患儿,经过6个月、1年的皮下注射特异性免疫治疗后,比较皮肤点刺试验中过敏原皮肤指数(SI)和阳性对照组胺直径大小的变化情况。结果:经过6个月、1年标准化皮下注射特异性免疫治疗后,屋尘螨SI、粉尘螨SI较前降低(P<0.01),非尘螨类过敏原狗毛、猫毛、蟑螂、香烟、花粉、霉菌、豚草、艾蒿过敏原较前明显转阴(P<0.05)。结论:屋尘螨变应原制剂皮下注射特异性免疫治疗不仅能够降低屋尘螨、粉尘螨过敏强度,同时对非尘螨类过敏原的特异性免疫治疗上亦有一定作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the skin prick test(SPT) of house dust mite allergens in overweight and normal-weight children with allergic asthma before and after standard subcutaneous specific immunotherapy. Methods Two hundred and fifteen children with allergic asthma who had positive SPT responses to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae were enrolled as subjects. According to the weight index, they were divided into overweight group(n = 63) and normal group(n = 152). Between-group comparison of skin indices(SI) to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae was performed before and at 6 months and 1 year after standard subcutaneous specific immunotherapy. Results Before treatment, the overweight group had a significantly larger histamine wheal diameter than the normal group(P <0.05); there were no statistical differences in SI to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae between the overweight and the normal group(P >0.05). At 6 months and 1 year, the SI to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae were reduced in both groups significantly(P <0.05); the histamine wheal diameter remained the same in both groups; the overweight group had a larger decrease in the SI to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae than the normal group. Conclusions The overweight children with allergic asthma have stronger responses to histamine than the normal-weight patients. Specific immunotherapy can reduce the reactivity to dust mite allergens. Within one year after specific immunotherapy, the overweight children with allergic asthma have a significantly larger decrease in the reactivity to dust mite allergens than the normal-weight patients.Objective: To study the nonspecific immune effect in dog hair, cat hair, cockroaches, cigarettes, pollen, mold, ragweed and Artemisia, of dust mites allergen subcutaneous specific immunotherapy in childhood allergic asthma. Methods: 172 cases of allergic asthmatic children from our hospital enrolled in this study. The skin prick test was positive. We compared the skin index(SI) of dust mites, dog hair, cat hair, cockroaches, cigarettes, pollen, mold, ragweed and Artemisia,the histamine wheal size, before and after 6 months and 1 year specific immunotherapy. Results: The dust mites SI was lower after treatment significantly(P<0.01), also, the dog hair, cat hair, cockroaches, cigarettes, pollen, mold, ragweed and Artemisia SI declined and turn negative( P<0.05).But the histamine wheal size did not decline(P>0.05). Conclusions: The dust mites allergen subcutaneous specific immunotherapy could not only reduce the allergic intensity of dust mite, but also had nonspecific immune effect in dog hair, cat hair, cockroaches, cigarettes, pollen, mold, ragweed and Artemisia.更多还原