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我国足球发展战略背景下优化云南省足球裁判员队伍的研究
【作者】 李睿；
【导师】 卢开智；
【作者基本信息】 云南师范大学 ， 体育硕士（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士
【摘要】 足球运动在十八大的召开之后被国家高度重视,许多国家层面的改革措施相继推出。从2014年10月开始,中国国务院拉开了加快发展体育产业,促进体育消费的文件的影响下足球改革的序幕。2015年1月26日,中国足球改革总体方案经国务院已审议通过,后将由中央深改领导小组进行审议。2015年2月27日,中国足球改革总体方案经中央全面深改小组通过。党中央国务院出台的一系列具体文件也体现出了国家对足球改革的决心。足球比赛的要素可分为:1足球竞赛规则、2技术、3战术、4教练员、5裁判员。正因为足球比赛竞赛规则的不断完善,足球运动得以不断的发展。现在足球比赛竞赛规则已经有最初的剑桥14条发张成为现今有17章的包含《决议》和《足球竞赛规则诠释及裁判指南》完整的竞赛规则。而足球裁判员正是这些规则的执行者,裁判员的执法确保比赛按照《足球竞赛规则》公平、公正的顺利进行,同时裁判员的判罚也直接影响到足球比赛的结果。所以,足球的发展离不开足球裁判。云南省有着气候、海拔及拥有大量足球设施的优势,拥有着多个国家级高原足球训练基地,有着大量的业余联赛及青少年比赛的存在,这些得天独厚的资源吸引着一大批国内外足球俱乐部俱以、中国国家足球球队到云南冬训或高原训练,同时云南而这些比赛需要大量的裁判,执法这些比赛的裁判又多为云南本土裁判,云南省现有足球裁判员无论从数量还是质量上都无法满足需求。本文通过文献资料、问卷调查法、专家访谈法、数理统计法、实地调查法、对在云南省及昆明足球协会注册的二级以上足球裁判员队伍的基本情况、云南省及昆明市足球裁判员的管理现状、制约云南省足球裁判员发展的因素进行分析,并对云南省应该如何优化足球裁判员队伍进行分析研究,在不同角度的分析调查下为云南省发展高水平裁判员队伍提供理论依据,以促进足球在我国的进一步发展。
【Abstract】 Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the reform of football has been attached great importance to the Party Central Committee and the State Council, a lot of reform measures have been promulgated, the revitalization of football as a sports development, the construction of a sports power has also been placed on the agenda. Since October 2014, the State Council has promulgated a file to accelerate the development of the sports industry and to promote the sports consumption, which started the reform of football. On 26 January2015, the State Council has approved Chinese football reform plan, which will be considered by the Central Deep Reform Leading Group. The plan has been adopted on 27 February 2015. The introduction of specific documents also reflects the CPC Central Committee and the State Council’s determination on the reform of football.The elements of football game can be divided into: 1 technique and tactics, 2coaches, 3 football rules, 4 referees. With the development of football, football rules are constantly improving. Now football rules have been developed from the 14 Cambridge rules to the 17 chapters of the "football game rules" and are still improving. The football referees are the executors of the rules so as to ensure the competition has been taken in a fair and impartial way according to the football rules.At the same time, referee’s penalty also directly affects the results of the football match. Thus the football referees are the most important part of the development of football.Yunnan Province is located in the southwest of China, where the development of football is relatively slow; but Yunnan Province has the advantages of climate,altitude and number of football facilities. There are multiple national plateau football training base here, which attracts a large number of super team and the Chinese national team to train here in the winter. There are a large number of Amateur League and the youth games too. These games need a lot of referees. However, the referees of these games are mostly local referees, who are unable to meet the demand in terms of quantity and quality. This paper inquires into the personnel structure, participation in the training, management, physical quality, psychological quality, professional ability,participation in various competitions at all levels and the screening, learning and communications of all the football referees registered on the second level or above in Football Association in Yunnan Province and Kunming, in ways of literature, expert interviews, questionnaire, field survey, mathematical statistics and summarize. This paper also analyzes and researches how to optimize the football referee team in Yunnan Province, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of a high level referees team in Yunnan Province, and to promote the development of Chinese football from another respect.