【作者】 朱勇；

【导师】 闫水玉； 周茜；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 城市规划硕士（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 本文基于我国城市建设面临由增量开发向存量优化转型的现实背景和政策背景下,回顾了国内外存量规划的相关概念、理论和实践探索,阐明了多元平衡内涵机制,并详细研究了我国存量规划发展历程及多元主体间关系;结合相关理论和模型,分析了存量规划面临问题、原因及发展必要性,重点解读了多元平衡存量规划的内涵、特点、多元主体关系和基本规划模式,并探寻多元平衡存量规划的可行性。基于此,提出多元合作治理、完善技术方法和创新调控机制等多元平衡的存量规划策略,并以库车县存量规划研究作为实证,探讨其存量规划的现状、问题、原因及其应对策略。首先,问题的提出。通过对存量规划中多元主体的相关基础理论的解读,如市场失灵理论、政府失灵理论以及相关经济学理论等,奠定了多元平衡存量规划的理论基础;重点梳理了国内外存量规划相关研究,回顾了国内外存量土地的概念、整治模式和土地政策变迁,重点探究了国内外存量规划的理论研究、存量型规划实践探索,并在研究基础上探寻存量规划的研究趋势。然后,分析问题。分析了我国存量规划发展过程中多元主体间的关系,指出从计划经济时期的一元主导零星存量建设到改革开放后市场导向下的大规模增量开发与存量建设同步,到当前关注社会公正与多元发展的由增量发展向存量发展转型。针对存量规划的发展现状,分析存量规划PSR模型的压力要素、状态要素和响应要素,借助PSR模型的分析问题的逻辑思路,构建了由存量资源利用压力、存量资源利用状态及存量规划响应为核心内容的分析框架,总体上分析人的需求、存量资源状态及变化、经济社会发展以及存量规划政策措施之间相互依存、相互制约的关系。得出当前的存量规划面临的三大核心问题多元利益平衡问题——存量资源和人的需求问题——反馈调节机制缺失,也即得出管理不足引发权力失衡(压力—响应相互作用下)、规划尴尬促使供需失调(压力—状态相互作用下)以及实施盲目导致利益失衡(状态—响应相互作用下)等问题。并指出产生这些问题的原因是消费主义价值观下追求最大经济效益、产权模糊导致多元主体中弱势的公众利益受到挤压、多元权利平衡的公众参与机制效果较差和多元平衡规划的机制缺失。基于此,存量规划发展的必然性是因为城市持续发展的根本在于土地的合理利用,存量资源与功能需求之间的匹配关系,迫使城市存量资源再开发。并从资金来源的多元合作、利益分配的多元协调和机制体制的多元合作治理等方面指出和多元平衡协调机制的必然趋势。其次,探讨了多元平衡存量规划内涵,即多元平衡存量规划是重视效益与公平的多元目标平衡、多元合作治理的体制机制平衡,并区分了利益的分类包括从利益排他性角度分类的公共利益和集团利益,以及从属性角度分类物质利益和非物质性利益。基于利益关系,探寻了存量规划中政府、开发商和个体等多元利益主体的内涵及其相互关系,并从交易、分配和制度角度分析了多元主体间的利益冲突。进一步分析了存量规划的三种基本模式——政府模式、市场模式、自治理模式,指出多元平衡模式是基于基本模式的综合性模式,不是单纯的否定,而是科学的吸纳。基于此,重点分析了多元平衡模式下的存量规划的可行性分析,包括多元权利声张可行性分析和多元主体经济利益可行性分析。最后,解决问题。提出多元平衡的存量规划原则和目标,在宏观上确定存量规划的公平性和以人为本的规划内核。随后,指出存量规划具有对象的产权复杂性和利益多元性、周期的动态长期性、手段转向综合的空间管制与利益平衡等特点。结合之前的研究提出多元平衡的存量规划策略,即以多元平衡的公共参与制度下的多元合作治理策略,完善技术方法策略和创新调控机制策略。并以库车县存量规划研究作为实证,探讨其存量规划的现状、问题、原因及其应对策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, from the face of China’s urban construction developed by incremental to stock optimization transformation of the realistic background and context of the policy of, reviews the domestic and foreign stock land and stock planning concept, theory and practice research, and a detailed study of the development of China’s multi equilibrium connotation, inventory planning and multiple closed system. According to the related theory and model analysis of the stock planning facing problem, reasons and necessity of development focusing on interpretation of the connotation of multiple equilibrium inventory planning, characteristics, relationship of multiple subjects, and planning of basic model and feasibility. Based on this, proposed multifaceted cooperation governance, innovation and regulation mechanism and perfect technical methods such as multiple equilibrium stock planning strategy and taking the Kuqa county stock planning research, as an example, to explore the stock planning status, problems, causes and coping strategies.First of all, put forward the problem. The interpretation of the basic theory related to inventory planning in multiple subjects, such as market failure theory, government failure theory and the relevant theory of economics and so on, the theoretical basis of the interpretation of the stock of multiple equilibrium programming. Then, it focuses on analyzing the domestic and foreign stock planning related research, reviews the domestic and foreign stock of land concept, renovation patterns and land policy changes, this paper focuses on exploring the exploration of domestic and foreign stock planning theory research, stock planning practice. Finally, on the basis of the research of the explore research tendency of stock plan.Then, analysis of the problem. Multiple relations in the course of the development of China s stock planning is analyzed, and pointed out that from a yuan in the period of planned economy dominant sporadic stock construction to after the reform and opening up the market orientation of large-scale incremental development of the stock of construction synchronization, to current concerns about social justice and multiple development by the incremental development of the transition to the development of the stock. In view of the current situation of the development of the stock plan analysis, stock plan in the PSR model of stressful factors, factors and response elements, with the logic of the PSR model analysis, constructed by the stock of resources by pressure, the stock of resources utilization status and stock planning response analytical framework for the core content and overall analysis of relationship of interdependence and mutual restraint between human needs, stock resource and change, economic and social development and inventory planning policies and measures. Facing the current inventory planning three core issues of multiple interests balance problem(capital) proved the-- stock resources and needs of the state feedback regulation mechanism is missing, namely that management problems caused by the imbalance of power(pressure response interaction), planning embarrassing make supply and demand imbalance(pressure state mutual effect) and the implementation of blind lead to imbalance between the interests of the state(response interaction). And we point out that the cause of these problems is the consumerism values the pursuit of maximum economic benefit, fuzzy property rights lead to the disadvantaged in the multi subject in the public interest by extrusion, multivariate the balance of power in the public participation mechanism is less effective and multiple equilibrium programming mechanism is missing. Based on this, the stock of the necessity of the development of the planning is because of the sustainable development of the land is the basis of rational use of land, the stock of resources and functional requirements of the matching relationship between the stock of resources to force the city re development. It also points out the inevitable trend of multi balance and coordination mechanism in the aspects of multi- cooperation of capital source, multi- coordination of benefit distribution and multi- cooperation of mechanism. Secondly, it discusses the multiple equilibrium stock planning connotation, namely multiple equilibrium stock plan is pay attention to efficiency and fairness, the multiple goals of balance, the balance of the system and mechanism of multifaceted cooperation governance, and distinguish the classification of interests including from exclusive interest angle classification of public interests and group interests, and from the angle of attribute classification material benefits and intangible benefits. Based on the interest relationship, explore the definition and relationship inventory planning in the government, developers and individual multi parties of interest, and from the perspective of transaction and allocation and institutional analysis the conflict of interest between multiple subjects. Further analysis of stock plan of three basic patterns, government model, market model, autonomous model, it is pointed out that the multiple equilibrium model is based on basic mode of the integrated model, is not a simple negation, but the science of absorbing. Based on this, the focus of the multiple equilibrium model of stock plan feasibility analysis, including multiple rights quiet feasibility analysis and multi subject interests of economic feasibility analysis.Finally, solve the problem. The principle and objective of the stock planning of multi balance are put forward, and the fairness of the stock plan and the core of human oriented programming are determined. Then, it points out that the stock planning has the property of the object, the complexity of the property rights and interests, the cycle is a dynamic long-term process, the means to the space control and the balance of interests and so on. Based on the previous research, the paper proposes the stock planning strategy of multiple equilibrium, that is, the multiple cooperative governance strategy under the public participation system of the multiple equilibrium, the innovation regulation mechanism and the improvement of the technical method. And taking the stock planning of Kuche County as an example, the present situation, problems, causes and Countermeasures of the stock planning are discussed.更多还原