【作者】 陈磊；

【导师】 董华英； 李建平；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学 ， 电气工程（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 配网自动化系统是实现配电网可靠运行的重要技术手段。随着社会经济的发展、城市配电网改造的深入以及对供电可靠性和电压质量要求的不断提高,以人工经验为主的传统配网自动化系统无法有效的解决配网的经济、可靠运行、故障的快速有效隔离、缩小停电范围等诸多问题。同时配电网分析与优化理论的研究与智能配电网的发展,都给配网自动化系统注入了新的内涵。实现一个以集成、互动、自愈、兼容、优化为特点的新型配网自动化系统是解决上述问题的有效途径,也是电力系统发展的必然趋势。本文将以国家电网公司智能电网综合建设试点项目之一的唐山曹妃甸工业区智能电网工程而开展的配网自动化子项工程为例,结合智能配电网的建设标准,从配网自动化系统主站实现型式、功能选择、综合应用等主要技术特点进行分析,提出了项目总体建设目标和设计方案,制定出了详细的技术规范、性能指标以及软硬件具体要求,并对系统的配网正常运行重构与智能自愈高级应用功能模块从理论算法选择、关键技术、实际运用方面进行了重点研究。配网正常运行重构模块是以网损最小为目标的重构策略,提出了一种配电网重构的快速支路交换算法。该方法中用近似网损替代精确网损,对每个联络开关依次进行对应环网的重构优化,根据最佳转移负荷的大小确定环网的最大降损开关交换,且在重构过程中无需进行潮流计算,从而显著提高了网络重构的计算速度。智能自愈模块分为故障的定位隔离和非故障区域恢复两个步骤,由于人工智能类算法目前还存在不少实用性问题,目前配网故障处理采用图论与启发式的算法组合。根据实际停电恢复过程分为馈线自恢复、整区恢复、拆分恢复、转移负荷恢复和切负荷恢复,考虑了开关操作次数、用户优先级别、失电负荷恢复最大化,并对比其他恢复方案,计算选择出最优的供电恢复方案。实践证明试点项目达到了预期目的,满足了智能配电网的相关要求,进一步提升了唐山配电网的经济可靠运行,增强了电网公司的经济效益和社会效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Distribution automation system is an important technical means to achieve reliable operation of the distribution network.With the development of social economy, the deepening of urban distribution network transformation, and to the requirement of power supply reliability and voltage quality is increasing, in human experience-based traditional distribution automation system can not effectively solve the economic, reliable operation, fast and effective fault isolation positioning, reduce the power range and many other problems of distribution network. At the same time, the research of the theory of distribution network analysis and optimization and the development of intelligent distribution network have injected new meaning into the distribution automation system. Achieve an integrated, interactive, self-healing, compatible, and optimization for the characteristics of the new type of distribution network automation system is an effective way to solve the above problem, also is the inevitable developing trend of power system.This article will base on distribution automation sub-project,Against the backdrop of integrated smart grid construction pilot project of the State Grid Corporation in Caofeidian Industrial Zone of Tangshan,combined with an important feature of the new standard of the distribution automation. The analysis focuses primarily on the main technical features of distribution automation system master and function selection, integrated application.put forward the overall goal and design scheme of this project,work out the detailed technical specifications,performance and requirements of the hardware and software, specific focus on the main functions of this project, the distribution network reconfiguration of the normal operation and the intelligent self healing function module of the system are emphatically studied in the theoretical algorithm selection, key technology and practical application.A fast branch exchange algorithm for distribution network reconfiguration is proposed, which is based on the strategy to minimize the network loss of the normal operation of the distribution network. Substituting actual network power losses by approximate power losses, the reconfiguration and optimization of corresponding loop network for each tie switch are conducted. According to the magnitude of optimal transferred loads, the largest power loss reduction of the loop network from branch-exchange is determined, and in the process of reconfiguration without the power flow calculation, which significantly improves the computational speed of the network reconfiguration.Intelligent self-healing module is composed by two parts: fault isolation and power supply to positioning area. Because artificial intelligence used currently consists of many practical disadvantages. Currently the combination of graph theory and heuristic algorithm is a practical method applied for fault location isolation and restoring process in the distribution network.During service restoration process,the problem is divided into self restoration, whole-region restoration, sub-region restoration, load-transferred restoration, and load shedding restoration. The algorithm takes switch operation number and the priority level of the lost load and recover lost load maximization, And compared with other recovery schemes, the optimal power recovery scheme is calculated and selected.Practice has proved pilot projects to achieve the desired purpose, meet the relevant requirements of the smart distribution grid, to further enhance the economic and reliable operation of the distribution network in Tangshan, and enhance the power grid company’s economic efficiency and the social efficiency.更多还原