【作者】 宋伟；

【导师】 冼海珍；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学(北京) ， 动力工程（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 饱和蒸汽发电技术是一种余热利用,能源梯级利用方式,因其应用广泛,得到普遍的关注。其不但用于实际生产中,更成为了一种能源利用科学研究中普遍关注的技术。目前,饱和蒸汽发电主要集中在钢铁行业,但是依然存在很多行业和领域的余热资源具有可利用的潜力,其中关键的因素就是技术不够完善。而我国的饱和蒸汽发电应用大多数是高耗能行业,对该发电技术在其他行业的应用还存在着一定的局限,且存在着跨行业能力不足的缺点和可参照相关的工程项目应用的缺失,这与迫切的市场需求和能源结构优化存在着巨大的反差。本课题对饱和蒸汽发电技术进行了理论基础研究,结合国内外发展应用的现状,提出利用饱和蒸汽发电技术拟解决煤化工行业大量副产蒸汽无法被充分利用的问题。将以往无法消耗而排向大气的蒸汽进行能源再利用,减少环境中的蒸汽污染,同时解决全厂性蒸汽管网间的上下呼应问题,便于级间的调节,保证全厂蒸汽系统的安全可靠运行。并对饱和蒸汽发电技术进行全面的概述,针对其中的关键问题,末级叶片二次液滴腐蚀,蒸汽参数波动,变工况运行,机组安全和热电装置配套选取等问题进行了详实分析,通过文献调研和现场试验提出解决思路,对饱和蒸汽发电的经济性和环境效益进行评估。同时,着重以潞安矿业高硫煤清洁利用油化电热一体化示范项目2×CN25MW中压余热抽凝式汽轮发电机组作为热力装置研究对象。该机组的动力站区域不但向各工艺装置提供各种等级的过热蒸汽,也接受从工艺装置输送来的各种余热蒸汽进行发电。其中,中压的饱和蒸汽余热发电模块作为余热利用的重要组成部分,具有典型的工业透平特征：进汽参数受上游工艺装置的限制,无法自行调节,只能调整自身工况来适应上游的参数变化。最后,根据全厂各蒸汽工艺参数特点,提出全厂蒸汽管网平衡,确定热电装置配套选取方案,为该项目的实施提供技术指导。本文研究可为饱和蒸汽发电技术的进一步应用提供了理论基础和重要参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Saturated steam generation technology is an approach of waste heat utilization and energy cascade utilization. Because of its wide application, the technology was universally concerned. Saturated steam generation technology is not only used for actual production, but also a universally applicable energy utilization technology for scientific research. At present, the saturated steam generation mainly concentrated in the steel industry, but there’s still a lot of waste heat resources industries and sectors have the potential to be utilized, where the key factor is the technology is not perfect. Moreover, China’s most saturated steam power generation applications is a high energy-consuming industries, the power generation technology, there are still some limitations in other industry applications, and there is a lack of ability to cross-reference to the shortcomings and lack of relevant project application, which is an urgent market needs and optimize the energy structure there is a huge contrast.The topic does a research of the theoretical basis for saturated steam generation technology, combines the status of the development and application at home and abroad, and proposes a program to solve the problem of a large number of by-product steam can’t be fully utilized in coal chemical industry by the use of saturated steam generation technology. The steam that could not be consumed and discharged to the atmosphere is used to the energy recycling, reducing environmental pollution on steam, at the same time, addressing the problem of echoed up and down of the whole plant steam pipes gateway. It not only makes the adjustment between stages easier, but also ensures the safety of the whole plant steam system reliable operation. Meanwhile, the topic gives a comprehensive overview about some key issues of the saturated steam generation technology, such as the last stage blades secondary droplets corrosion, steam parameters fluctuations, run variable condition, crew safety and thermoelectric devices supporting selected, and so on. Through literature research and field tests, we can propose ideas to solve the problems, and make an evaluation about the economic and environmental benefits of saturated steam to generate electricity.In this paper,2×CN25MW heat extraction condensing turbine generator of high-sulfur coal and clean use of oil-based electric integration demonstration projects of Shanxi Lu’an Mining the clean use of high-sulfur coal Lu’an Mining Oil is studied. The power station area of this generator sets not only can provide various levels of superheated steam to different technology devices, but also can generate electricity by using the waste heat steam from different technology devices. Among which, the medium-pressure saturated steam cogeneration module as an important part of the waste heat utilization is occupied with typical industrial turbine characteristics:Inlet parameters are restricted by upstream process units, cannot be self-regulate and can only adjust itself to adapt to the upstream parameter changes. Finally, on the basis of the whole plant steam parameters’ characteristic, we can propose the balance of whole plant steam pipe network, and make sure the thermoelectric devices supporting programs to provide technical guidance for the implementation of the project.This study provides an experimental basis and important reference for further research of saturated steam generation technology applications.更多还原