【作者】 沈俊；

【导师】 高照明；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 政治学理论， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 集体主义的蔓延、福利资本主义的兴起是哈耶克自由主义责任观产生的时代背景；有限理性观、知识分立理论是其责任观的理论基础。每个人对他人的责任感是自由社会的基础和核心。对每一个个体而言,自由意味着存在他可以按照本人的决定和计划来采取行动的可能性；责任则是法律判定一个人的行动是否造成了一项法律义务或是否应使他接受惩罚。自由是其他一切价值的源泉,而责任是自由的保障。自由越多,责任越多。同时,责任与理性密不可分,理性是责任的依据,责任追究的目的在于促进社会秩序的稳定,并推动人类理性的最大化。政府责任的范围可以分为强制性活动领域和非强制性活动领域。哈耶克认为：政府的基本责任只限于在法律、国家安全及社会秩序等方面的承担；即使提供福利,政府也必须做到不干预经济自由发展,只能提供有限的保障,即确保每个人维持生计的某种最低需要。哈耶克从自由观念出发,出入于经济学、法理学与政治哲学之间,发展出了一种与市场经济相适应的责任观,超出了纠缠于人的自由与行为责任因果关系的传统伦理视域,对西方国家及当代中国产生了深远影响。针对当今社会存在的责任感缺失、道德责任沦丧、权责错位等现象,哈耶克的责任观能对当代中国责任问题的反思与解决提供一定借鉴,也能够对我国有限责任政府的构建、法治中国的建设、社会主义公民责任观的培育提供一定启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 The spread of collectivism and the rise of welfare capitalism is the era background of Hayek’s view of liberalism responsibility; the theory of bounded rationality, knowledge division is his view’s theoretical basis.Each person’s sense of responsibility to the others is the core and the basis in a free society. As an individual, the freedom means the possibility which he can be in accordance with the decision and plan to take action; and, responsibility is the law to determine whether a person’s action has caused a legal obligation or whether they should make him to accept punishment. Freedom is the source of all other values, and the responsibility is the guarantee of freedom. The more freedom one person has, the more responsibility he should take. In the meantime, the responsibility is closely connected with rationality, rationality is the basis of responsibility, the purpose to investigate the responsibility is to promote the stability of social order, and drive the maximization of human reason.The scope of the government’s responsibility can be divided into compulsory activity areas and non-compulsory activities." the government’s basic responsibility is only limited to the laws, the national security, social order and other aspect’s assumption; Even provided benefits, the government must also be on the premise of no interference in development of economic freedom and only provided limited protection, which is to ensure each person a certain minimum need for living." Hayek thought.Starting from the concept of freedom, coming in and out among economics, jurisprudence and political philosophy, Hayek developed a compatible responsibility view with market economy. Beyond entanglement in the causal relationship of freedom and responsibility behavior of the traditional ethical horizon, the view has produced profound influence in contemporary China and the western countries. Being aim at today’s society there are iack of sense of responsibility, moral responsibility decline phenomenon, right and duty dislocation and other phenomena, Hayek’s responsibility view to the reflection to the problem of responsibility of contemporary China and the solution to provide certain reference, and it can also provide some enlightenments to the construction of limited government, the law construction, the promotion of socialist civic responsibility.更多还原