【作者】 王丹；

【导师】 刘传刚；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 民商法学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 劳动者休息权具有人权属性,是人类生存及发展的重要前提。劳动者休息权是劳动权的重要内容,劳动者休息权的实现关系到劳动力的再生产以及社会经济的可持续发展。近些年来,"过劳死"、职业病、加班等问题的出现,引发了社会对劳动者休息权的广泛关注,关注的法律焦点是关于劳动者休息权的保障问题。在我国,关于劳动权的研究刚刚兴起,对劳动者休息权的研究也极其薄弱。另外,对劳动者休息权的监管制度规定也不完善,从而导致监管不到位,并且劳动力市场供大于求,劳动者在劳动关系中处于弱势地位,劳动者休息权经常受到用人单位的侵害,严重影响了劳动关系的稳定。劳动者休息权对于劳动者来说具有重要的价值。劳动者休息权的价值不仅体现在它对劳动者的生理价值和人格尊严价值上,还体现在它平衡劳动者和用人单位之间的关系,促进我国经济发展和它对我国人权事业发展的价值。在我国劳动者的休息权保障制度主要体现在工时制度和带薪休假制度的规定上。笔者认为,我国工时制度的规定比较原则性,在立法中缺乏对延长工作时间限制的有效规制。我国对于违反工时制度的惩罚制度和监管制度规定不完善,最终导致工时制度在实践中的效力减弱,进而导致用人单位侵害劳动者休息权。带薪休假制度是国家社会福利的体现,并且随着国家经济的发展不断健全,我国从订立带薪休假制度到至今,带薪休假的期限一直都未发生改变。我国的带薪休假的期限要比国外很多国家的期限短,并且由于我国的立法规定过于笼统使得带薪休假制度缺乏可操作性,这些问题的出现严重的影响了我国带薪休假制度的运行,也不利于对劳动者休息权的保障。本文以保障劳动者休息权为价值取向,并从劳动者休息权的理论基础入手,通过结合发达国家劳动者休息权保障制度对我国的借鉴意义,分析劳动者休息权保障制度存在的问题,进而提出完善我国劳动者休息权保障制度的建议。笔者认为,完善工时制度应当考虑以下几个方面:首先,应当在立法上制定较为弹性的工时制度,同时明确弹性工时制度的适用范围以及适用弹性工时制度的审批程序。其次,应当在劳动者和用人单位之间建立有效的协商制度,并且明确工会在延长工作时间问题中的积极作用,明确工会的职能和经费来源。最后,需要完善对侵害工时制度的监督和惩罚制度。笔者认为,完善带薪休假制度应当考虑以下几个方面。首先,从带薪休假制度的订立目的出发,在规定用人单位义务的同时需要明确劳动者的义务。其次,针对我国的经济发展状态可以适当增加带薪休假的期限。最后,需要明确用人单位安排带薪休假的程序。笔者认为,还应当完善对侵害劳动者休息权的监管法律制度。通过完善以上制度,才能从法律上保障劳动者的休息权。更多还原

【Abstract】 Laborer’s right to rest has the property of human rights,and it is the important premise for the survival and development of human-beings.As laborer’s right to rest is the important content of laborer right,the realization of laborer’s right to rest has close relationship with the reproduction of laborer force and the sustainable development of social economy.In recent years,the emergence of problems such as"karoshi",occupational disease,and work overtime,arouse the public’s extensive attention to the laborer’s right to rest,the legal focus of which goes to the security problems of laborer’s right to rest.In our country,study on laborer rights has just emerged and related study is extremely weak.In addition,the law is not perfect in the supervision system for laborer’s right to rest,which results not in-place supervision and oversupply in the laborer market.Therefore,workers are in the weak position in laborer relations and the laborer’s right to rest would frequently be abused by the employer,which seriously influences the stability of the laborer relations.As laborer’s right to rest has important value for the laborer,which is reflected not only in its biological value and the value of personal dignity,but also its role in balancing the relationship between the laborers and the employers,as well as the function in promoting China’s economic development and its value for the development of China’s human rights.The security system for laborer’s right to rest is mainly reflected in the regulating the system of working hours and paid vacation system.The author thinks that the regulation of our country’s system of working hours has the nature of principle and effective regulation on limiting the extended working hour in legislation is in short supply.The punishment and supervision system for violating the system of working hours in our country is not perfect,which eventually leads to the decreased effect of the system of working hours in practice and the employer’s violation of laborer’s right to rest.Paid vacation system is a reflection of the country’s social welfare,and it would be improved with the development of the national economy.From the time our country established the paid vacation system,the time limit of paid vacation has not been changed.The time limit of paid vacation in China is shorter than that in many other countries.Plus,as our paid vacation system lacks maneuverability due to the ambiguous legislation of our country,the problems existed severely affect the running of paid vacation system in China and it is also not conducive to protection of laborer’s right to rest.With the value orientation of ensuring the laborers’ right to rest,this paper starts from the theoretical basis of laborers’ right to rest so as to analyze the problems existed in then propose some suggestions on improving the security system of laborers’ right to rest by combining with the security system of laborers’ right to rest in developed countries which has the significance of reference in our country.The author thinks that we’d take into account the following aspects in perfecting the system of working hours:Firstly,we’d formulate the relatively flexible system of working hours in legislation,and then we’d be clear about the applicable range and the approval procedures of the flexible system of working hours.Second,we’d establish effective consultation system between the laborers and the employers,and be clear about the laborer union’s positive role in extending working hours,as well as its functions and financial resources.Finally,we need to improve the supervision and punishment system which can be applied to the violation of the system of working hours.The author thinks that we’d take the following aspects into consideration in improving the system of paid vacation.First of all,starting from the purpose of establishing the paid vacation system,we’d be clear about the obligations of laborers at the same time of stipulating employer’s duties.Secondly,considering our country’s status of economic development,we can appropriately increase the time limit of paid vacation.Finally,it is necessary to define the procedure of the employers in arranging for paid vacation.The author also thinks that we should also perfect the supervision legal system which can be applied to the violation of laborer’s right to rest.By improving the above-mentioned system,we can ensure the laborer’s right to rest by employing legislation.更多还原