【作者】 周强；

【导师】 孙晶；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 接触角大于150°、滚动角小于10°的表面被称为超疏水表面。近年来,研究人员用电刻蚀,化学刻蚀等方法已经成功在铝基体上制备出了超疏水表面。而在生活应用中,人们期望获得既具有自清洁性能又具有美观可装饰特性的超疏水表面。因此,彩色超疏水表面的制备在生活装饰方面具有较强的应用价值,同时在城市建筑、环保节能等领域也有潜在研究意义。目前获得彩色超疏水表面的方法主要有电刷镀、电化学沉积、喷涂等,但电刷镀所获得的表面颜色有限,而电化学沉积或喷涂获得多色彩表面比较困难。针对上述问题,在分析润湿性相关理论及金属基体着色工艺研究现状的基础上,利用电化学刻蚀、电化学阳极氧化、电解着色、化学沉积等加工技术,进行了一系列在金属材料上构建纳米微观结构并进行封孔着色的试验研究。将电化学刻蚀后的铝基体在高锰酸钾和硫酸的混合溶液(0.07mol/L H2SO4、0.0095 mol/L高锰酸钾、0.0495 mol/LAl2O3)中进行电解着色并通过氟硅烷修饰降低表面能后即获得金黄色的铝基超疏水表面。在着色时间为3 mmin、着色电压为10 V这一较优工艺参数下,对样品表面的微观形貌、化学成分及润湿性进行了表征,结果表明：水滴与表面的接触角达到159.3°,滚动角为1°将电化学刻蚀后的铝基体阳极氧化后在混合液(0.05mol/L H2SO4,0.0495 mol/L Al2O3,0.04 mol/L NiSO4·6H2O,0.038 mol/L CuSO4·5H2O,0.067 mol/L(NH4)2SO4)中进行电解着色并通过氟硅烷修饰降低表面能后即获得黑色的铝基超疏水表面。在着色时间为30min、着色电压为14V这一较优工艺参数下,获得了较好的疏水性能,水滴与表面的接触角达到158.3。,滚动角为1°。重点分析了电解着色加工电压和时间对金黄色表面颜色及润湿性的影响,发现着色电压和时间是影响试样表面颜色的主要因素,但对表面润湿性的影响较小。当着色电压为10 V,着色时间为3 min的时候可以获得颜色亮丽且具有良好超疏水特性(接触角为157.2°滚动角为1°)的黄褐色超疏水表面。将醋酸铜与硬脂酸分别加入无水乙醇,充分搅拌后分别获得醋酸铜溶液和硬脂酸溶液,两种溶液搅拌后得到硬脂酸铜悬浮液,多次过滤清洗后将固体溶于无水乙醇,获得了较好的疏水性能,水滴与表面的接触角达到168.3°,滚动角为1°。更多还原

【Abstract】 The surface, which the contact angle is greater than 150° and sliding angle of less than 10°, is called super-hydrophobic surfaces. In recent years, the researcher had prepared the super-hydrophobic surface in the aluminum matrix with method of electricity etching, chemical etching and so on. It is desirable to obtain both the super-hydrophobic surface with self-cleaning and decorative beauty property in the life application. Therefore, the preparation of color super-hydrophobic surface has a great application value in life decoration, meanwhile, in urban construction, environmental protection and energy saving and other fields has research significance potentially.The obtain method of color super-hydrophobic surface includes brush plating, electrochemical deposition, spraying, and so on. However, the obtained surface color of brush plating is limited, while electrochemical deposition and spraying are difficult in obtaining multi-color surface.To solve these problems, based on the analysis of the theory of wettability and research status of metal matrix coloring, a series of experiment are carried out in establishment Nano microstructure and hole sealing and coloring in metal materials. The main research work and results are as follows.The aluminum matrix after electrochemically etched is electrolytic colored in mixed solution of potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid (0.07 mol/L H2SO4,0.0095 mol/L KMnO4,0.0495 mol/L Al2O3) and modified with fluoroalkyl silanes to reduce surface energy, then the golden aluminum super-hydrophobic surface will be obtained. The microstructure of specimen surface, chemical ingredient and wettability were characterized in the optimum process parameters of colored time of 3 min and coloring voltage of 10V. The results showed that the contact angle of water droplet and surface reaches 159.3° and rolling angle is 1°.The oxidized aluminum matrix anode after electrochemically etched is electrolytic colored in mixed solution (0.05 mol/L H2SO4,0.0495 mol/L A12O3,0.04 mol/L NiSO4·6H2O, 0.038 mol/L CuSO4·5H2O,0.067 mol/(NH4) 2SO4) and modified with fluoroalkyl silanes to reduce surface energy, then the black aluminum super-hydrophobic surface will be obtained. The good hydrophobic nature is obtained in the optimum process parameters of colored time of 30 min and coloring voltage of 14V, and the contact angle of water droplet and surface reaches 158.3° and rolling angle is 1°.This paper focuses on the effect of electrolytic coloring voltage and time on color and wettability of golden surface. It is found that the coloring voltage and time are key factors to effect specimen surface color, while has less effect on surface wettability. The yellowish-brown super-hydrophobic surface with bright color and good super hydrophobic property (contact angle of 157.2° and roll angle of 1°) can be obtained in the condition of coloring voltage of 10 V and coloring time of 3 min.The copper solution and stearate solution can be obtained when the copper and stearate added into anhydrous ethanol respectively and stir fully. The stearic acid copper slurry can be obtained after stir these two solution, and the slurry after many times filtered wash soluble in anhydrous ethanol will get good hydrophobic property, which contact angle of water droplet and surface is 168.3° and roll angle isl°.The obtained super-hydrophobic surface with above method has good color and wettability stability, which has potential applications value in urban beautification, life decoration, and other fields.更多还原