R市新型农村社区“四大体系”研究：乡村治理体系的个案分析

【作者】 刘伟；

【导师】 张晓琼；

【作者基本信息】 曲阜师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 当前中国正处于急剧变化的社会转型期,传统管控型治理方式难以满足民主化的大众需求,创新基层治理体系成为新常态下发展基层民主的理性选择。中共十八大强调要大力推进社会治理体制创新,其顶层设计了社会治理的新方向:国家治理体系现代化。乡村治理体系作为国家治理体系的关键性组成环节,担负着调节社会关系、规范社会秩序、促进社会民主等多重任务,单纯依靠政府和村委会力量来加强农村社会治理无法适应政治发展非均衡的现实困境,创建新型乡村治理模式成为基层社会发展的时代选择。21世纪初,许多省市有序开展农村社会治理创新试点,逐步摸索出与本地区实际相契合的治理模式。R市在基层治理探索过程中创新了新型农村社区治理机制,建构了组织体系、自治体系、服务体系、保障体系等“四大体系”,初步形成了具有R市特色的农村社区管理服务体系。论文以治理理论为理论框架,以R市新型农村社区“四大体系”为个案研究对象,在结合调研数据和案例的基础上深度剖析“四大体系”的运行现状,发现其中存在的问题,并尝试性提出一些建议,以促进R市基层治理的良性发展。论文主要分为五个部分,第一部分导论,介绍选题背景和论文的研究价值,梳理与总结了国内外对中国农村社区的研究现状,并指出本文的研究方法。第二部分相关概念和理论概述,界定了新型农村社区、乡村治理体系等相关概念,阐释治理理论及其在中国农村社区中的应用,分析了“四大体系”和治理理论的内在关联,为论文写作奠定理论基础。第三部分R市新型农村社区“四大体系”的建构,该部分首先介绍R市新型农村社区建设的基本情形,梳理了“四大体系”的形成过程,然后分析R市建构“四大体系”所遵循的原则,其构成要素与“四大体系”承担的功能,在此基础上比照乡村治理体系的衡量标准,进而得出“四大体系”是具有R市特色的乡村治理体系的结论。第四部分R市新型农村社区“四大体系”的运行方式及其运行效果。该部分剖析“四大体系”是如何具体运行的,分析总结其在运行实践中取得成效和存在问题。第五部分针对“四大体系”本身的不足,提出完善R市新型农村社区“四大体系”的建议,以对新型农村社区治理有所启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, C hina is in the period of social transformation which is in rapidly changing. The traditional management mode of domination is difficult to meet the democratization of public demand. Innovating the basic level management system is becoming the rational choice of development of democracy at the grassroots level under the new normal. Vigorously promoting the innovation of social governance system is stressed in the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Its design the new direction of Social Governance in the top-level: the modernization of national governance system. Management system at the grassroots level is the key component of national governance system. It is responsible for multiple tasks that include regulating social relations, standardizing social order and promoting social democracy. It is difficult to strengthen the rural social governance to adapt to the unbalanced political development only by government and village power. Thus creating new grassroots governance model is becoming the choice of times of development in the basic- level society. At the beginning of the 21 st century,many provinces carry out innovation pilot of rural social governance orderly, and they gradually find out its own governance model fitted the region. The R city creates the rural community governance system called “four systems” that include organization system, autonomous system, service system, security system in the process of exploring the grassroots governance. “Four systems” are the rural community management and service system with characteristic of the R city.This dissertation is based on the theory of governance theory which takes the "four systems" of the new rural community of the R city as the object of a case study. We will analyze the running situation of the “four systems” in-depth that based on the data and cases of the survey, find the existing problems of the “four systems” and try to put forward some suggestions in order to promote the benign development of grass-roots governance of the R city. This article has five parts. The first part is the introduction which introduces the background and the research significance of this paper, sorts out and summarizes the research status of C hina’s rural community at home and abroad and points out the research methods of this paper. The second part contains some relevant concepts and theory, defines the related concepts: the new rural community and rural governance system, introduces the theory of governance and its application in the rural community of C hina. Then we analyze the internal relationship between the "four systems" and the governance theory that is the theoretical foundation for thesis writing. The third part is the construction of "four systems" of the new rural community of the R city. Firstly, this part introduces the basic situation of the new rural community of the R city and clean out the forming process of "four systems". After that we will analyze the principle of construction of "four systems" of the R city, its elements and the function of the “four systems”. Then we compare "four systems" with the measurement standard of rural governance system on this basis, so that we can draw a conclusion that the "four systems" are a rural governance system with the characteristics of the R city. The forth part is the operation mode and operation effect of the "four systems" of the new rural community of the R city. In this part, we will analyze the "four systems" is how to run, and summary the achievements and problems of the "four systems" when it is in the practice. In the fifth part, we put forward some measures based on the shortage of itself to replenish the "four systems" of the new rural community of R city, and then it will produce the enlightenment for the government of new rural communities.更多还原