时间管理在JZ公司R项目建设中的应用研究

【作者】 张红梅；

【导师】 邵培基； 段家刚；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 项目管理（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 JZ公司是国家大型军工骨干企业,承担着多项国家高科技军品科研开发与生产经营等任务,为我国的国防现代化建设做出了积极的贡献。“十二五”以来,随着JZ公司科研生产不断进步与发展,JZ公司承担了“研制保障、关键基础产品、节能减排及批生产能力建设”等多个类别的固定资产投资项目的组织实施与管理工作,项目数量是“十一五”期间的近三倍。但JZ公司的项目管理手段并没有及时更新,传统的手工管理模式常常导致项目建设进度失去控制,出现项目建设前松后紧以及无法按期完成的情况。这与当前国家固定资产投资项目管理体系越来越完善、对项目建设周期的要求越来越高的政策背景矛盾严重,JZ公司R项目建设进度管理问题亟待解决。R项目是JZ公司2015年获得国家国防科技工业局批复建设的一项国防科技工业固定资产投资项目。项目投资规模大、建设内容复杂、进度要求高。因此,在R项目建设中,如何科学地进行时间管理与进度控制等问题亟待解决。本文尝试运用项目时间管理的方法,来对R项目的时间管理模式和进度控制措施进行控制。本文首先介绍了项目时间管理在国内外的理论研究与应用现状,分析了R项目管理流程、建设制度限制以及在时间管理与进度控制方面存在的问题。针对R项目计划制定中存在的计划片面、流于形式、过于粗略和缺乏裕量等问题,笔者应用了WBS任务分解、里程碑确定、关键链法、关键路径法等先进的时间管理理论,定义了R项目36项子活动,使用紧前关系绘图法对各子活动进行了排序,估算了活动资源以及活动持续时间等。同时,在此基础上,结合专业软件制定并优化调整了R项目的进度计划,通过压缩关键路径的建设工期将R项目的建设周期缩短了9个月,即减少了28%的建设时间,满足了R项目建设周期的要求,并为R项目实施过程的计划变更等不确定因素留出了1个月的缓冲时间。在进度控制方面,结合现代进度管理理论以及JZ公司具体情况,笔者提出了R项目进度控制的7项改进方法,建立了R项目健全的进度控制制度和流程,较好地解决了JZ公司进度控制中存在的进度延误、计划调整变更粗放等问题,可以对R项目建设进度进行很好的控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 JZ Company is one of large key companies for national military products manufacture and undertakes the tasks of scientific research and development, production and operation of national high-tech military products, which make positive contributions to modernizing national defense. Since the 12 ^th Five-Year Plan, JZ Company undertakes the organizational performance and management of various types of investment projects for fixed assets including research and production security, key basic products, energy saving and emission reduction and lot production construction. Its project number is nearly triple of that in the 11 ^th Five-Year Plan. However, JZ Company hasn’t update its project management modes, which results in the traditional manual management mode always induces the project not to be controlled, and the situation that the project is slack at the beginning and have to speed up towards the end and cannot be finished in time occurs. Such problems seriously conflict with the policy background that the management system for the current national investment projects of fixed assets is more and more perfect and the requirement on project period is higher and higher. The scheduling problems in R project of JZ Company urgently need to be addressed.R project of JZ Company is an investment project of fixed assets for science and technology industry of national defense, which has been approved by State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense in 2015. The project investment is characteristic of large scale, complex construction and higher scheduling requirement, and hence, how to conduct time management and control schedule scientifically in R project urgently needs to be solved. This paper tries to apply project time management method to control the time management mode and schedule control measures in R project.This paper firstly introduces the current situation of project time management in domestic and foreign theories and application, analyzes the problems in management process, construction system limitation and the control of time management and schedule control in R project. The author applies advanced time management theories such as WBS task decomposition, milestone determination, critical chain method and critical path method, defines 36 sub-activities in R project, orders the sub-activities by precedence diagramming method and estimates activity resources and activity duration to solve the problems in R project including one-side scheme, mere formality, rough planning and lack of overmeasure; meanwhile, the author combines professional software to set up and optimistically adjust the scheduled plan of R project, shortens the construction period of R project by shortening construction period of key path by 9 months, to wit: 28% of construction time has been shortened, which satisfies the requirement of project period and leaves one-month butter time for uncertain factors during R project construction such as plan change.In scheduling control, the author combines modern scheduling management theories and specific condition of JZ Company to propose 7 change methods for its scheduling control and set up perfect scheduling control system and procedures, which solves the problems including schedule delay, rough adjustment and changes of schedules well, and the schedule of R project is controlled.更多还原