【作者】 孙红；

【导师】 米锋；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 林业经济管理， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 湿地是地球上较为独特的生态系统,它介于陆生和水生生态系统之间,具有生物多样化的显著特征,是人类最重要的生存环境之一。但长期以来湿地生态效益价值未能得以实现,近几十年来,随着人口的不断增长和社会经济的飞速发展,湿地资源锐减,湿地生态系统环境受到严重破坏。而湿地生态保护所具备的公共物品特性和外部经济性,利益相关者得不到相应的价值补偿,严重挫伤了人们保护湿地的积极性,因而,如何通过适当的措施使湿地生态系统服务功能价值外部性内部化显得尤为重要,以此来实现湿地生态系统服务功能效益价值的有效补偿,增强湿地生态系统可持续发展和管理。本研究对湖北省湿地自然条件、社会经济状况、湿地保护现状以及存在的问题进行深入探讨和梳理,结合湖北省部分典型调研样本地的实地调查所得数据的基础上,对湿地生态补偿效益的理论、标准进行研究。在对该研究区域湿地生态系统服务功能效益价值进行客观的评价和核算,在此基础上基于最小补偿法和最大补偿法的原理尝试制定了湖北省湿地生态补偿标准的合理区间范围为[400,7129.08](元/hm2·a)或[26.67,475.27](元/亩·a)。进而,将最优控制理论运用到湿地生态补偿研究,核算出最优补偿值970元/hm2·a或64.67元/亩.ao同时,对湖北省的补偿现状进行了一些分析,并提出了相应建议。本研究对于湿地资源的合理配置,政府如何科学制定对策提供了一定的参考,也为实现湿地生态系统的健康可持续发展提供了借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wetlands are more unique ecosystem on the planet, it is between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, with biodiversity significant feature is one of the most important human living environment. But ecological value of wetlands has long failed to be realized, in recent decades, with the rapid development of the growing population and the social economy, dropped wetland resources, wetland ecosystem environment has been severely damaged. The wetland ecological protection with public goods characteristics and external economy, stakeholders can not get the corresponding value of the compensation, seriously hurt the people to protect wetlands initiative, therefore, how the appropriate measures to make the wetland ecosystem services value external internalization is particularly important in order to achieve effective compensation of wetland ecosystem services benefit value and enhance wetland ecosystems sustainable development and management.In this study, Hubei wetland natural conditions, socio-economic status, status of wetland protection and problems in depth and combing, combined with typical survey sample to the field survey data obtained on the basis of Hubei section of the wetland ecological compensation benefit theory standard research In the objective evaluation and accounting of the study area of wetland ecosystem services benefit value, on this basis, based on the principle of minimum compensation and maximum compensation method attempts to develop Hubei wetland ecological compensation standard of a reasonable range of the range [400,7129.08] (yuan/hm2 a) or [26.67,475.27] (yuan/mu a). Furthermore, the optimal control theory to the study of wetland ecological compensation, accounting optimal compensation value 970 yuan/hm2 a, or 64.67 yuan/mu a. At the same time, the compensation in Hubei province were some analysis and made recommendations accordingly. For this study, the rational allocation of wetland resources, the Government how to scientifically develop countermeasures to provide some reference, but also to achieve healthy and sustainable development of wetland ecosystems provide a reference.更多还原