【作者】 王莹；

【导师】 郑宏宇；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 劳动经济学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 最低工资是劳动者在法律规定的劳动时间内提供了正常劳动的前提下,用人单位或者雇主应向劳动者支付最低限度劳动报酬的强制性社会制度。政府制定最低工资是为了调节劳资关系,确保低收入群体及其家属能够获得基本生活需要,同时,还为了维持各阶层社会成员的劳动再生产能力。我国实施最低工资制度以来,该制度一直饱受学术界的争议。特别是2008年美国次贷危机爆发之后,一些学者认为提高最低工资水平会降低就业水平,从而使更多的人失业,陷入贫困,因此,积极呼吁各级政府不应实施最低工资制度。但也有一些学者认为政府实施最低工资制度可以调整收入分配状况、缓解劳资间的利益矛盾,对促进社会稳定具有积极作用。本文基于最低工资相关理论,利用31个省市自治区1996-2012年而板数据,运用计量经济学方法,分析最低工资对就业性别差异的作用机理及影响。本文第一部分主要包括研究背景与研究意义、研究框架与研究方法、研究目标与研究内容、创新与不足。第二部分主要总结最低工资的相关理论、文献综述及发展历程,界定最低工资的概念。第三部分主要分析了最低工资的现状和就业性别差异的现状,探讨了最低工资与就业关联。第四部分运用劳动力供需理论和劳动力市场分割理论分析了最低工资对就业及性别就业差异的作用机理。第五部分构建了最低工资对就业性别差异影响的理论模型,从整体、区域、省际等三个层面定量分析了最低工资对就业影响的性别差异。最后根据所得结果提出相应的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Minimum wage is the compulsory social system which the employer or the unit shall pay workers minimum remuneration under the premise of normal labor of workers in the labor ti me by law. The government purpose of formulating minimum wage is to regulate labor relatio ns, ensure the low-income groups and their families have access to basic needs, and also main tain labor reproduction capacity of all sectors of society. However, minimum wage system has been highly debated since its implement, especially after the 2008 US subprime crisis, and so me scholars appealed that government at all levels should cancel the minimum wage system b ecause that it would reduce employment levels and cause more people to unemployment, even poverty. In the mean time, other scholars argued that the government implement the minimu m wage system could adjust income distribution, ease the contradiction between the interests of employers and employees, and promote social stability.Based on minimum wage theory, this article analyzes the mechanism and influence of mi nimum wage toward employment gender differences by using 1996-2012 panel data of 31 pro vinces and economic methods. The first part of this paper mainly states research backgrounds, significant, frame, methods, purpose, content, innovation and deficiency. The second part mai nly summarize the relative theory, literature review and development history, and also defines the concept of minimum wage. The third part analyzes the situation of minimum wage and em ployment gender differences, as well as the relations between minimum wage and employmen t. In the next part, it dissects the mechanism of minimum wage toward employment and gende r differences by using labor supply and demand theory and labor market distribution theory. T he last part constructs the theory pattern of influence from minimum wage toward employmen t gender differences. It analyzes gender differences in three levels, that means, in entirety, regi on and province, and it offers corresponding proposal according to the result.更多还原