乡土中国视角下的中国纪录片创作

【作者】 张成军；

【导师】 罗戟；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 艺术， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 “乡土中国”概念最初由社会学家费孝通1947年完成的著作《乡土中国》中提出,是对传统中国社会状况和文化特质进行概括的社会学概念。具体指由血缘(即家族、宗族关系)和地缘(即聚居)建构起来的人与人的关系以及由此形成的社会关系网络。“乡土中国”是包含在具体的中国基层传统社会里的一种特具的体系,是一个由固定的地域风貌、约定的道德礼俗和稳定的文化传统共同构成的一个传统中国形象。纪录片因其纪实性品质和人文性品格而成为记录“乡土中国”社会形态,承载传统伦理道德、价值观念的重要媒介形态。纪录片对乡土中国的描绘可分为乡土风貌和民俗活动的碎片化影像实录、国家表情呈现和民族影像的纪录、传统文化的寻根和平民化纪实、多元化风格和市场化探索四个阶段。每个阶段由于时代背景、文化环境的影响而呈现出不同的纪录理念、价值诉求和美学风格。通过描绘素雅静穆的自然景致、展现质朴淳厚的民俗风情和挖掘厚重蕴藉的人文精神,纪录片完成对乡土中国形象的影像书写。立足当前国家展示文化软实力、促进中西方文化交流的跨文化传播需求,提出陌生化题材和共同性价值契合、个体化影像彰显人本传播的理念、国际化视野谋求跨文化传播“共同视角”的传播策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 The concept of "Soil China" was originally proposed in the book From the Soil: The Foundations of Chinese Society, which was written by the famous sociologist Fei Xiaotong in 1947. It is a sociological concept coining the traditional Chinese social conditions and cultural characteristics. It specifically refers to the interpersonal relationships and the social networks constructed by blood (family and clan relations) and geopolitical relationship (settlement). "Soil China" is a special system embodied in the specific traditional Chinese grassroots society and it is a describing of the image of traditional Chinese which is constituted by fixed geographical landscape, rituals and moral conventions and stable cultural traditions. Documentary becomes an important medium form to record social formation of Soil China and carry traditional ethics and values, for its documentary quality and humanistic characteristic. Documentaries recording Soil China can be divided into several stages, the stage of video recordings fragmented local and folk activities, the stage of showing the country and nationality images, the stage of looking for the roots of traditional culture and civilian documentary, and the stage of discovering nostalgia and aesthetic style. In every stage, it demonstrates different record ideas, value appeal and aesthetic style, according to the impacts of the times background and cultural environment. By depicting serene elegance of the natural landscape, showing simple and honest folk customs and mining heavy and refined human spirit, documentaries completes the image writing of Soil China. Based on the desire of showing national cultural soft power and promoting cultural exchanges between China and the West, we bring up several communication strategies such as fitting strange themes with commonality values, individual videos highlighting humanity communication, and international vision seeking "common view" of intercultural communication.更多还原