【作者】 王旭；

【导师】 李天匀；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 船舶与海洋结构物设计制造， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 现代舰船对各类机电设备、精密仪器的依赖程度越来越高，而另一方面各类设备容易受冲击影响，尤其是受作战环境下的强冲击作用影响而失效，使舰船丧失作战能力。因此关注舰船设备的抗冲击能力以及在设备列装之前对其进行冲击试验是十分重要的工作。对设备进行抗冲击试验主要有三类方法：实船爆炸试验，虚拟冲击试验以及冲击试验机试验。鉴于各类方法的利弊与经济成本，目前较为流行的方法是对舰船设备进行冲击试验机试验。本文主要内容如下：首先简单介绍了课题的背景与意义，介绍了对舰船设备进行冲击试验的各类方法与发展趋势，对国内外冲击规范以及冲击试验设备的现状做了简单介绍。简要概述了冲击动力学基本理论以及水下爆炸的载荷特征。建立了冲击试验机的三维实体模型，基于刚体动力学模型与优化设计原理，建立了冲击试验机摆锤系统的优化设计模型，求得了摆锤系统的最优尺寸。优化后的摆锤系统可提高试验机的性能，同时可有效降低冲击试验对摆锤转轴的损伤。利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对冲击试验过程进行了数值仿真计算，得到了冲击接触面的作用力结果。此外，在不同的冲击速度及不同的波形器材质条件下对冲击试验进行仿真计算，对仿真结果进行了分析，得出了冲击速度以及波形发生器材料特性对冲击力波形的影响规律，对设计不同的冲击波形有一定的指导意义。文章最后对所做工作做了总结，并对后继工作做了简要展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Modern ships depend on various types of electromechanical devices at a largerdegree; however, on the other hand, such types of equipments are vulnerable to shocks,particularly under the strong impact of operational environments. It’s possible to cause thefailure of equipments, so the lose of combat ability of ships. Thus, it’s quite important topay attention to the anti-impact capability of electromechanical devices and implementshock tests for them before installed on board. There are three ways to implement shocktests, which are, real ship explosion experiment, virtual shock test, and shock testingmachine test. Combining the advantages and disadvantages and the costs of all the threeways, now the most famous way to implement the shock test is utilizing the shock testingmachines. The main work of this paper is designing a high-impact shock testing machinewith medium weight. Mainly includes the follows:First, briefly introduced the background and significance of the subject, then,described different methods of shock tests and their trends correspondingly. A brief reviewof the specifications for impact and the shock test facilities overseas and domestic wasalso described.Introduced the basic theory of the impact dynamics and described the characteristicsof the underwater explosion. Solid model of the shock testing machine was created byemploying the three-dimensional modeling software, then, rigid body dynamical modeland the principle of optimization were employed to build the optimal design model of thependulum system, and the optimal size of the pendulum system was obtained. Optimalpendulum can improve the property of the impact machine and efficiently reduce thedamage to the shaft of the pendulum system during impact tests.The ANSYS/LS-DYNA software was used to simulate the process of impact and theimpact force between the contact surfaces was obtained. Besides, different conditions, thatare different impact velocity and different property of the wave generator, were calculated,and through comparing the results, the influence regularity of the impact velocity and theproperty of the wave generator on the wave form were analyzed. The result is helpful toguide the design of impact waveform.Finally, the main results of this thesis were summarized and the future perspectives were briefly discussed.更多还原