【作者】 张朋；

【导师】 陈绍炳； 冷杉；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 动力工程及工程热物理， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 21世纪初,我国核电事业处于发展高峰时期,核安全是核能发展的立足点和生命线。由于福岛事件的发生,IAEA呼吁世界各国对核电厂的安全评估标准进行重新审视。我国环境保护部国家核安全局(NNSA)联合相关部门按照国务院要求开展了对核电厂的综合安全检查,复查核电厂对现行法规、标准的满足情况及应对福岛核事故类似外部事件的能力。仪表和控制系统是核电厂机组安全、可靠、经济运行的重要保障。随着计算机信息化时代的到来,数字化仪控系统得到广泛的应用,并且实现了对核电厂的全范围控制,成为了核电厂的“中枢神经”。为了保证核电厂数字化仪控系统的稳定运行,必须确保仪控系统设备的高度可靠性,定期对系统进行功能维护以及及时对故障进行排除。根据电厂的实际需求,对核电厂数字化仪控系统的设备进行风险评估,作为给出维修决策的理论依据。目前,大多数电厂对仪控系统设备的失效只做了报警提示,根据报警对设备进行维护修理,未对设备失效带来的风险情况进行评估。为了弥补该方面的不足,本文以某核电公司委托项目为依托,开发一套核电厂仪控系统专家维护支持系统。以某核电厂3号机组仪控系统为研究对象,对该核电厂数字化仪控系统进行了仔细的研究,根据3号机组数字化仪控系统的设计技术规范建立了以KIC报警为顶事件的故障树图,并以VPLANT为计算引擎对故障树进行风险分析,帮助核电厂管理人员给出维修决策。根据实际需求,在已完成故障树的基础上实现故障溯源,图形导航,专家意见提示,提高维护工作的效率。据以上内容,本文开发出了符合系统功能要求的专用故障树模块,并以该模块建立报警故障树。同时开发出满足故障树信息规则的数据库,用来存储系统模块的状态信息。按照实际设计图纸绘制出形象的系统设备分布图,并将图形与故障树信息同步,实现快速故障定位与导航帮助相统一的功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nuclear industry, whose wheel is controlled by nuclear safety as the foundation, is booming in China at the beginning of the 21st century. After the Fukushima Daiichi accident, IAEA calls for the countries who have NPP to review the Nuclear Regulatory on safety. NASA has Jointed related departments in accordance with the requirements of the state council to carry out a comprehensive safety inspection of nuclear power plant, and to review the situation that NPPmeet the current laws and regulations, standards, and ability to cope with Fukushima similar external events.The instrument & control(I&C) system plays an important role in keeping the NPP operate safety, reliably and economically. With the advent of the computer age, digital I&C system has been widely used and gained the full scope of control of NPP, then become the central nervous of nuclear station. So regular functional maintenance of the system and timely troubleshooting is a must to ensure the reliability of I&C system equipment to guarantee the stable operation of the digital I&C system According to the actual needs of the plant, risk assessment is given to the NPP I&C system as a theory basis maintenance decision.At present, most power plants just give alarm to the failure of the equipment, and implement maintenance and repair of equpment according to the alarm without the risk assessment. In this paper, we developed an expert maintenance support system to make up for the deficiency the risk assessment according to the needs of the project from CGN. And we choose A nuclear power station unit 3 I&C system as research object, give the this nuclear station digital I&C system careful study. According to the unit 3 digital I&C system’s design book, a fault tree(FT) with KIC alarm as top event has been built. We use VPLANT as Calculation engine to complete the assessment to assist the NPP manager make decision. After the completion of the fault tree, the graphical navigation system then can show the specific address of the hazards in the map of the plant according to the fault tree location information. And some expert opinions were given in each level’s fault node to Improve the efficiency of maintenance work.According to the mentioned above, we have developed special fault tree module which is accordance with the requirements of the system function, and built alarm FTs. At the same time, we have developed the corresponding data base to storage the modules’state information, and drew maps of the graphical navigation system Finally, link the fault tree and graphical navigation system to the data base to unit fault location and the map guide.更多还原