【作者】 刘翔；

【导师】 王金华；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 核科学与技术， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 球床模块式高温气冷堆示范电站HTR-PM(High Temperature Reactor–Pebblebed Modules),属于我国十二五国家科技重大专项之一。乏燃料贮存关键技术研究及工程验证是该科技专项的重要子课题。其中的一个重要内容是乏燃料贮罐在跌落工况下的安全性验证,这主要是用于测试乏燃料贮存系统关键设备之一的乏燃料贮罐,在极端的情况下,从井口跌落至贮存竖井底部时的损坏情况,以验证乏燃料贮罐结构设计的正确性和可靠性。相比于现有相关乏燃料容器跌落实验,HTR-PM乏燃料贮罐跌落具有跌落高度高、无独立缓冲器、贮罐为薄壁结构等特点,具有比较大的难点,需要进行深入的分析和计算,本文即针对此问题开展研究。由于全尺寸实验验证成本较高,故全尺寸实验前将采用缩比模型进行跌落实验。本文首先对缩比理论进行研究分析,说明了缩比尺寸实验的可行性。再对于贮罐跌落安全性准则进行分析,确定了在进行贮罐跌落仿真计算时其安全性的判断方法。基于理论分析,本文对于全尺寸贮罐及缩比尺寸贮罐的两种跌落工况(贮罐跌落至支座上及贮罐跌落至已经放置的贮罐上)使用LS-DYNA程序进行了仿真计算,同时对于跌落时可能存在的贮罐倾斜等情况进行了研究,最终根据安全性准则对于跌落的安全性进行了判定。研究成果:1、乏燃料贮罐包容边界在各工况下均未发生破坏,且贮罐形变未影响回取,验证了贮罐跌落的安全性;2、缩比模型跌落相较于全尺寸原型跌落,结果符合缩比理论,验证了缩比尺寸实验的可行性;3、贮罐在初始倾斜、中心偏移、角度偏移等情况下跌落,计算结果存在差异,但是对于安全性判定的影响不大;4、对于实验中应变片及加速度传感器等的选取和布置提供了理论依据;5、为后续的实验设计提供了计算支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 The key technology research and engineering validation of spent fuel storage are important sub-topics of HTR-PM(High Temperature Reactor-Pebblebed Modules),. One significant part of the topic is the safety validation of the drop events of HTR-PM spent fuel storage canister. That is, to assess the damages to the spent fuel storage canister, one of the key equipments of the spent fuel storage system, after dropping from top to bottom in the extreme case, thus validating the accuracy and reliability of the structure of the spent fuel storage canister.The dropping experiments of the spent fuel storage canister of HTR-PM are faced with more difficulties, compared to those of present spent fuel storage casks. That is because it has high dropping height, lack of independent buffer and the storage canister is thin-walled. These make it necessary to do in-depth analysis and calculations, which is the focus of this research subject.Scaled module will be used before the full-size experiments. First, we analyzed the scaling laws, showing its feasibility. Then, the analysis of the safety criteria was carried out to determine the judgement methods of the safety when doing the simulations.On the basis of the theoretic analysis, simulation calculations of dropping events of both full-size and scaled storage canisters under two conditions, including dropping to bearing and to placed storage canister, were carried out with the help of LS-DYNA procedures. In addition, we studied several possible conditions, such as inclination. And the safeties of the dropping events were determined based on the safety criteria.The results are as following: 1.Thesafety of the drop events is validated.2.Compared to that of the full-size module, the results of the scaled one conformed with the scaling laws, verifying the feasibilities of the experiments.3.There were differences among the results of dropping experiments in different cases. Nevertheless, these did not affect the judgement of the safety.4.Theoretical basis were provided for the selections and arrangements of the strain gauges and acceleration sensors.5.The calculations support for subsequent experimental design.更多还原