【作者】 陈静；

【导师】 万玉秋；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 环境工程（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对我国东部长江下游某市化工企业搬迁场地进行了详细调查,识别场地特征污染物,并采集了土壤和地下水环境样品,分析不同环境介质中重金属、有机物和氟化物的含量。根据调查分析结果,采用健康风险评价方法对场地土壤污染风险进行了评价,并探讨了场地氟化物污染土壤修复方案。主要结论如下：1、研究场地环境污染情况通过详细调查发现：①场地内规划敏感用地区域上层土壤氟化物超过相应筛选值研究场地内规划为商业用地等非敏感用地类型的区域土壤样品氟化物均低于《场地土壤环境风险评价筛选值》(DB11/T811-2011)中关于商服用地筛选值。研究场地内规划为居住用地、中小学教育用地等敏感用地类型的区域土壤调查点位的上层土壤(0-2.0m),2.0m内土壤样品氟化物均高于《场地土壤环境风险评价筛选值》(DB11/T811-2011)中关于住宅用地筛选值,超标倍数为0.07-2.34倍；下层土壤(2.06.0m)样品氟化物均低于筛选值。②水溶性氟较低本次调查选取4个点位上层土壤共8个土样加测水溶性氟含量,8个氟污染土壤的水溶性氟含量1～7mg/kg,水溶性氟占总氟比例平均值为0.35%,低于已报道的我国耕作土壤水溶性氟对总氟的比值(平均值为0.43%)。③研究场地内土壤未受重金属和有机物污染。④场地内地下水的重金属及无机物指标监测值均达到《地下水质量评价标准》(GB/T14848-93)Ⅳ类水质标准；地下水呈中性,未检出有机污染物。2、研究场地健康风险评价研究场地内规划为居住用地、中小学教育用地等敏感用地方式下,关注污染物氟化物的非致癌风险高于可接受风险水平,风险不可接受,需进行土壤修复和实施风险控制措施。在住宅和教育用地情景下,氟化物经口摄入土壤和吸入土壤颗粒物两种暴露途径的累计风险控制值为663.3 mg·kg-1。3、氟化物污染修复方案探讨研究场地内氟污染土壤的生态风险较小,结合人体健康风险评估中土壤氟化物的非致癌毒性只有经口摄入和吸入土壤颗粒物这两条暴露途径,建议对氟化物超标土壤的处理和处置的方案为采取风险控制措施,即隔断暴露途径。可以在地块开发建设时用作道路下面的垫层土,或者深埋于地块地面以下,加一定的覆盖层和水泥硬化,达到阻隔污染土壤暴露途径的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the relocation enterprise legacy site in the eastern lower reaches of the Yangtze river has carried on the detailed investigation.I mainly do the study to identify characteristics of pollutants, collect soil and groundwater environmental samples and analyze the content of heavy metals, organic compound and fluoride in different environmental mediums. According to the result of investigation and analysis, the health risk assessment method was used to evaluate the pollution, and the soil remediation of fluoride contaminated site was studied. Main conclusions are as follows:1、The investigation of the contaminated site①The surface soil in planning for sensitive land area of the site was contaminated by fluorideThe fluoride values in planning for non-sensitive land area of the site were lower than the appropriate screening value of 《 the ground soil screening value of environmental risk assessment》 (DB11/T811-2011)The surface soil in planning for sensitive land area of the site was contaminated by fluoride, with the exceeding rate of 0.07～2.34.② The content of water soluble fluoride is low.The survey to select four points of the upper soil, a total of eight soil sample, added to test the content of water soluble fluoride. The contents of 8 soil water soluble fluorine are in 1～7 mg/kg. The average of water soluble fluorine proportion of total fluorinetotal is 0.35%, lower than the tillage soil water soluble fluorine ratio of total fluoride, that have been reported in China (average 0.43%).③ The investigated site of the soil were not polluted by heavy metals and organic compounds④ The content of heavy metal and inorganic indicators in groundwater of investigated site achieves the 《groundwater quality evaluation standard》 (GB/T14848-93) class IV water quality standards. Groundwater is neutral and not detected by organic pollutants.2、The health risk assessmentResearch within the planning for residential land, land for primary and secondary school education and other sensitive way, focus on fluoride pollution. The risk of cancer is higher than the acceptable level of risk, the risk is not acceptable. It needs to protect soil remediation and risk control measures. In land for housing and education situation, exposed two ways of fluoride intake of soil and soil particles inhaled through the mouth, cumulative risk control value is 663.3 mg · kg-1.3、remediation program discussion of a typical fluoride contaminated siteThe ecological risk of fluorine pollution in the studied soil is smaller, soil fluoride could intake through the mouth of the toxicity of cancer and inhaling soil particles both exposure pathways, Combined with the human health risk assessment of. We recommended that taking risk reduction measures, namely to block exposed way to treatment and disposal excess fluoride soil. Including as a cushion layer under the road during the soil development and construction, or add a cover layer and cement hardening, then buried deep under the ground, to achieve the purpose of blocking contaminated soil exposed way.更多还原