【作者】 常建军；

【导师】 李德才；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 在航天领域中,航天器由于外部环境的影响和其内部各种设备的运行,会产生各种振动,这些振动将会引起航天器结构和各系统仪器的动态响应,同时影响航天器上仪器设备的正常工作,有时甚至会使航天器运行失控。本文针对太空中航天器上长直物体的振动问题,基于磁性液体的二阶浮力原理与液体的粘性耗能原理,提出了两种新结构的磁性液体阻尼减振器。本文分析了磁性液体阻尼减振器的理论振动模型,对影响磁性液体阻尼减振器的结构因素进行了实验研究。本论文的重点工作如下：1.分析了磁性液体阻尼减振器的理论基础,对磁性液体的流体力学性质,永磁体在磁性液体中的二阶浮力原理,磁性液体的粘度以及影响磁性液体粘度的因素进行了研究；2.通过机理研究,提出了两种新结构的磁性液体阻尼减振器：壳体充满磁性液体的阻尼减振器和永磁体提供回复力的磁性液体阻尼减振器,设计了两种磁性液体阻尼减振器的壳体结构,选取了合适的结构材料、永磁体材料、磁性液体种类；3.搭建了磁性液体阻尼减振器的实验平台以及测试永磁体所受回复力的实验台,设计了实验的方案；4.分析了磁性液体阻尼减振器的振动模型,并对振动微分方程中的关键参数：磁性液体阻尼减振器的等效阻尼和永磁体所受的回复力进行了重点研究；5.实验研究了影响减振效果的因素：研究了壳体内径,壳体长度,振动幅度对壳体充满磁性液体的阻尼减振器减振效果的影响；研究了壳体内径,壳体长度,磁性液体吸附量及振动幅度对永磁体提供回复力的磁性液体阻尼减振器减振效果的影响,实验测量了两种磁性液体阻尼减振器中永磁体所受的回复力,分析了实验结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the field of aerospace, the impact of the external environment and the operation of various equipment will produce various kinds of vibration. These vibrations will cause the dynamic response of the spacecraft structure and system, and influence the normal operation of the instruments and equipment. In this paper, two new type magnetic fluid dampers based on the second-order buoyancy rule of magnetic fluid and the viscous energy dissipation rule of the magnetic fluid are proposed to solve the vibration problem of the long and straight objects on the spacecraft. In this paper, the theoretical vibration model of the magnetic fluid damper is analyzed, and the structural factors affecting the magnetic fluid damper are studied.The key work of this paper is as follows:1. The theoretical basis of the magnetic fluid damper is analyzed. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the magnetic fluid, the second-order buoyancy rule of the permanent magnet in the magnetic fluid, the viscosity of the magnetic fluid and the factors affecting the viscosity of the magnetic fluid are studied;2. Through the mechanism research, two new type magnetic fluid dampers are proposed:housing-filled magnetic fluid damper damper and magnetic fluid damper damper with magnetic restoring force. The structure of two kinds of magnetic fluid dampers are designed, the materials of the structure, the permanent magnet, magnetic fluid are chosen;3. The experimental platform of magnetic fluid damper and the platform of measuring force are established;4. The vibration model of magnetic fluid damper is analyzed, and the key parameters of the vibration differential equation:the equivalent damping coefficient and the restoring force of the permanent magnet of the magnetic fluid damper are studied;5. Experiments are made to study the effects of shell’s inner diameter, shell length and oscillation amplitude on the damping effect of the housing-filled magnetic fluid; the effect of shell’s inner diameter, shell length, the magnetic fluid absorption and oscillation amplitude on the damping effect of magnetic fluid damper with magnetic restoring force.更多还原