【作者】 陈伟；

【导师】 吴勇；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 法律， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着土地资源的日渐紧张,集约化生产经营已成为社会经济活动的一大趋势,多使用方建筑应运而生。本文试图通过对多使用方建筑的消防法律关系的研究,进一步厘清各方消防法律责任,探索多使用方建筑消防管理的方法。文章首先对多使用方建筑的性质进行了界定,介绍了多使用方建筑消防安全管理特点、难点及常见问题,对现行的消防管理模式及其优缺点进行了分析,提出了现行模式下在消防管理、消防执法、民事赔偿等方面所存在的法律缺陷,使读者对此类建筑的消防安全状况有了明确的了解,进而认识到此研究课题的重要性和迫切性。在此基础上,根据民法、物权法、消防法等相关法律法规对多使用方建筑各方之间存在的消防法律关系进行了分析,归纳总结了各相关方的消防法律权利义务:由消防安全管理产生的民事义务分担法律关系、由消防执法而产生的行政、刑事法律关系及附带的民事赔偿法律关系。之后,就这两大类消防法律关系的归责问题,从民法和行政法的角度,提出了多使用方建筑消防法律责任的归责原则:过错责任原则、公平责任原则、责任自负原则、意思自治原则。根据所提出的归责原则,对多使用方建筑中存在的主要消防法律责任的内容进行了归纳,分别为民事义务分担责任、民事损害赔偿责任、行政行为后果责任,在理论上对多使用方建筑的消防法律责任进行了较为详尽的阐述。在上述理论分析的支撑下,通过理论与实践结合的方式,结合笔者的实际工作经验,对多使用方建筑常见的几类矛盾突出问题的消防法律责任的进行分析,如:公共消防设施整改责任分担、消防行政处罚的归责、消防行政强制措施的决定、消防损害赔偿责任、火灾事故责任认定、政府代管消防等问题等进行了研究,提出了个人见解和法律建议,进一步印证了文章的理论分析。最后,就完善多使用方建筑的消防法律责任制度提出了建议:出台多使用方建筑消防管理的强制性国家标准、加大多使用方建筑消防违法责任追究、加强多使用方建筑消防损害保障模式立法。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasingly tight land resources, intensive production and management has become a major trend of social and economic activities, the use of multi-party building came into being. This paper tries to clarify the legal responsibility of the parties to the fire control, and explore the method of using the multi- party building fire control management.This paper firstly defines the nature of the multi use square building, introduces the characteristics and difficulties of the fire control safety management, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the current fire control management mode, and puts forward the legal defects in the fire control, fire protection and civil compensation.On this basis, according to the civil law, property law, fire control law and other relevant laws and regulations on the use of the existing fire control legal relationship between the parties were analyzed, and summarized the relevant parties of the legal rights and obligations: the fire control safety management of civil obligations of the legal relationship between the fire control and the law enforcement and administrative, criminal legal relations and incidental civil compensation legal relationship. After that, the two main types of fire control legal relationship between the responsibility of the problem,from the perspective of civil law and administrative law, put forward the use of multi-party building fire control liability of the liability principle: fault liability principle, the principle of fair liability, responsibility, autonomy of the principle of autonomy. According to the principle of liability fixation, the contents of the main fire control legal liability in the multi use buildings are summarized, which are the responsibility of civil obligations,civil liability, administrative acts as a consequence, in theory, the use of multi- party building fire control legal responsibility for a more detailed exposition.In support of the above theoretical analysis, through the combination of theory and practice, combined with the author’s practical experience, fire control legal lia bility of multi use building common several kinds of contradictions prominent prob lems in the analysis, such as: public fire control facilities rectification responsibility sharing, the imputation of the fire control administrative punishment, the fire contr ol administrative compulsory measures decided, fire control damage compensation li ability, liability cognizance of accident, government escrow fire control and other p roblems were studied puts forward personal opinions and legal advice, further confi rms the theoretical analysis.At last, we put forward the suggestion: the introduction of the mandatory nati onal standards for the use of multi party building fire control management, and to increase the use of the multi- party building fire control system, and to strengthen the protection mode of the fire damage compensation.更多还原