【作者】 王珏；

【导师】 陈永；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 学科教育， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 音乐是一门陶冶情操、表达思想情感、丰富人们精神文化生活的一门艺术,是人类精神文明和文化智慧的结晶。严肃音乐不是基于各种音乐或按类别分类,而是准确的对文化精神的定义的基础。 “严肃”的含义这意味着,除了“严肃”本身的意义,而且还具有“认真,庄重,正规,恳切,正经,显著”和“重要”。在生活中中,我们都了解“严肃”的意思是“正规”,它的表面意思和“轻松”,“好玩”,“轻浮”,与此相反,其更深层的意义是：注重庄严悲壮凝重生活的意思。哲学家阿诺德·豪塞尔高雅艺术说：“认真,真诚,勇于承担责任参与艺术肯定会讨论像人的生命和存在的意义的问题,这些艺术使我们面对 ‘改变我们的生活方式’的要求。”无论是在民间艺术和通俗艺术,这个要求几乎是不存在的。因此,我们可以给下一个严肃的音乐文化研究定义：严肃音乐是人文精神的价值取向,它的音乐文化精神决定了其最高的审美,因此它被称为“古典音乐”,也可以称它为“高雅音乐”。严肃音乐作为一种“精英文化”,它的创作者,演奏者,观众必须有一定的文化和音乐素养。音乐教学逐渐列入中小学基础课程教学内容中,并成为丰富学生学校教育生活、培养学生音乐审美意识、开发学生智慧的重要手段。严肃音乐具备以下特点：首先,具备丰富的内容,在表达上表现力突出,彰显神韵美和审美感知,而对待严肃音乐也要求观众要有一定的音乐素养和心理承受能力；其次,严肃音乐要以国家意志和时代精神为主题,一般是以严肃性的社会话题为题材。脱离了社会现实和时代特征,缺乏民族精神的音乐也很难成为严肃音乐；再者,严肃音乐被赋予了超越时代特征的特点,严肃音乐或历史年代悠远,但是其具备顽强持久的生命力,乐曲彰显的价值是永恒不灭的。例如,“贝五”虽然它产生的时间离我们很远,但几百年来,随着命运的斗争,并以光明彻底胜利而告终的激越乐章,激励几代人的世界的人来说,它并没有因为时间的不同而阻碍了其辉煌的通道：最后,流行音乐相比之下具备轻浮的特征,在音乐基调上虽然有一定的尊严感,但是从未被纳入到严肃题材的音乐中去。初中阶段学生由于正处于情景式教学与抽象式教学的过渡阶段,初中阶段学生进入青春发育期,对社会有了一定的主观认识,思想日趋成熟,社会的个体意识也变得越来越成熟,,对新事物和新知识的渴求逐渐强烈。初中音乐课程要想实现有效教学,就必须充分了解学生的性格特征和认知规律的前提下,以新课程标准对初中音乐课堂教学的要求为引导,详细分析当前初中音乐课堂教学的优劣势以及影响音乐课堂教学有效性的因素,这样才能制定出行之有效的、针对性强的初中音乐教学优化策略,本文立足于新课标对音乐课堂教学的相关要求,详细阐述了新课改后初中音乐教学的困境及影响因素,并分析初中严肃音乐对初中音乐教育的影响性,最后从教学方法、教学主体、教学评价方式等方面提出优化策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Music is an edify sentiment, express feelings, rich people’s spiritual and cultural life of an art, is the crystallization of the wisdom of the human spirit civilization and culture. Serious music is not divided according to varieties of music or category, just is defined by culture spirit. The meaning of "Serious" (Serious) in addition to the "Serious", also as "Serious, solemn, Serious, Serious, sincere", "big" and "important". In translation, we must select "serious" to "serious," said the surface meaning and "easy", "laugh", "light", "on the contrary, and its deep meaning is:focus on the meaning of life, a solemn and stirring, elegant and dignified. Art philosopher Arnold hauser searle pointed out:"serious, genuine, responsible art must be involved in life and human existence significance and so on question discussion, the art that we faced with the requirement of ’change the way we live, no matter in the folk art and popular art, this request is almost non-existent". Can give serious music, therefore, the next on the culture:the definition of a serious music music is the value orientation of humanistic spirit. Serious music culture determines its high aesthetic, so some people call it "the elegant music". Serious music as a kind of "elite culture", its creators, performers and appreciators must have a certain cultural literacy and music accomplishment. Gradually in middle and primary school music teaching basic courses teaching content, and become the rich students school life education, training students’music aesthetic consciousness, develop the student the important means of wisdom. So-called serious music, should have some characteristics as follows:first, the serious music should be through it has rich connotation, expression and philosophy to display the beauty of its depth, to the aesthetic taste and feelings, asked the audience to have a certain cultural quality, sensibility and psychological preparation for music; Second, serious music should reflect national will and spirit of the age, it often has serious social themes. In fact it is difficult to imagine from era, from the national spirit can produce serious music of milestone type; Third, serious music was endowed with aesthetic feeling and spirit has the characteristics of the time, although every serious music produce dry the a moment of history, but it has the lasting vitality, has eternal value. Such as "S Five" although produce dry his era, but two hundred years on, the fight with destiny, and ended in complete victory light agitation movement, inspiring people in the world for generations, it is not because the passage of time and disappear is coming to its glory; Fourth, serious than music and pop music, and it has a "dignified" character, gives priority to tone with "light" the music is never been as serious music. Middle school students because of the image is in the transition of teaching and abstract type teaching stage, middle school students to enter puberty, the society has a certain subjective cognition, thought mature, self individual consciousness awakening, thirst for new things and new knowledge gradually strong. Junior high school music curriculum in order to realize effective teaching, we must fully understand the students’ personality traits and cognitive law under the premise of to the requirement of new curriculum standards for junior high school music classroom teaching as the guide, a detailed analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the current junior high school music classroom teaching and the influencing factors of music classroom teaching effectiveness, so as to formulate effective optimization strategy, the pertinence of junior high school music teaching. In this paper, based on the new standard of music classroom teaching, the requirements of the relevant detailed elaborated the new curriculum reform after the predicament and influencing factors of the junior high school music teaching, and analysis of junior high school music for junior high school music education, the influence of the last from teaching methods, teaching subject, teaching evaluation way optimization strategy is proposed.更多还原