【作者】 吴迪；

【导师】 孙江平；

【作者基本信息】 中国疾病预防控制中心 ， 公共卫生， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 研究目的了解2008年-2010年艾滋病防治中央专项经费在县级层面的投入和流向,分析基层艾滋病防治中央专项经费预算以及实际分配之间的差异及其影响因素,提出相关建议,为改进中央专项经费分配决策提供参考依据。研究方法采用定量和定性相结合的方法。对河北省2县各艾滋病防治中央专项经费接收机构开展定量调查,了解中央专项经费计划经费、完成工作所需经费和实际分配经费的情况。对河北、云南两省4县艾滋病防治中央专项经费接收机构的领导、中央专项经费项目管理人员和财务人员开展定性调查,了解经费分配的影响因素。研究结果1.中央专项经费是研究地区的主要工作经费河北省涉县和永年县3年中央专项经费实际分配总经费占年度总经费的比例远高于地方专项经费。涉县3年中央专项经费占年度总经费的比例分别为94.8%、95.6%和72.6%；永年县3年中央专项经费占年度总经费的比例分别为100%、70.5%和81.3%。2.中央专项经费计划经费、完成工作所需经费及实际分配情况涉县3年中央专项经费计划分配的主要领域分别是,2008年为预防性传播干预领域,2009年和2010年是咨询检测和监测领域；实际分配经费3年最多的均为预防性传播干预领域；永年2008-2010年中央专项经费主要计划经费、所需经费领域和实际分配经费最多的均为宣传教育领域。涉县2008年中央专项经费计划经费、完成工作所需经费和实际分配经费金额一致,2009年和2010年上述经费额度间存在差异。永年3年中央专项经费实际分配经费与计划经费均存在差异。3.影响经费分配存在差异的因素中央专项经费自上而下逐级的分配机制通常会使得基层实际分配的经费与计划预算的经费产生差异；省级和市州级制定分配计划的预算标准与中央的预算标准不一致会使实际分配金额与计划经费产生差异,并会高估或低估计划工作量,从而造成完成工作所需经费与计划经费不一致的现象；后勤工作保障经费和临时性工作经费的缺位或不到位会加大计划经费与实际需求经费间的差距。结论中央专项经费是调查地区艾滋病防治经费的主要来源和防治工作的重要保障。制定合理的经费的分配机制、预算标准及物资的采购流程是影响计划预算与实际经费分配相符程度的主要因素。完成工作任务量与计划任务量不一致,使得计划与实际需求之间存在着差距。要进一步明确职责,全方位考虑经费分配的领域。影响中央专项资金分配与使用的因素在疫情较高和较低地区无显著差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to understand the investigation and allocation of national fund for HIV/AIDS prevention and control at county level from 2008 to 2010; describe the difference between budget and actual allocation; analyze the influence factors; and provide suggestion accordingly for better fund usage.MethodThis study uses both quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative method was used to collect information about the budget, demands and actual allocation of national fund for HIV/AIDS prevention and control in two counties in Hebei province. Qualitative individual interview was conducted among staffs of local government departments where national fund for HIV/AIDS prevention and control was received in four counties in Hebei and Yunnan provinces to understand the influence factors of the fund allocation.Result1. National fund for HIV/AIDS prevention and control is the main source of HIV/AIDS funding in study counties.During the study period, the proportion of National fund is much higher than the proportion of local sourced funding in both counties. In Shexian, the proportions of central sourced funding among total amount of fund for 2008-2010 are 94.8%,95.6% and 72.6%, respectively. In Yongnian, these three proportions are 100%,70.5% and 81.3%.2. Budget, demand and actually allocation of the national fund..In Shexian, preventive intervention was the area which had the highest budget in 2008, and it became counseling/testing/surveillance in 2009 and 2010. Preventive intervention was the area which actually received the most amount of funding from 2008-2010. In Yongnian, publicity and education was the area that received the most of funding at all three stages during the study period.The comparison of amounts among budget, demands and actual allocation showed consistency for Shexian only in 2008 and no consistency was observed in Shexian form 2009-2010 and Yongnian during the study period.3. The key factors that affected the fund allocationThe top-down allocation mechanism of central sourced funding causes the difference between budget and actual allocation. Different unit price used at budgeting and allocation stages causes the difference between budget and demands. Lack of considering for the Logistic funding support and non-planned activities could enlarge the difference between the budget and the actual demand.ConclusionNational fund is the main source of HIV/AIDS funding for Shexian and Yongnian. It ensures the implementation of HIV/AIDS prevention and control efforts in the two counties. Then key factors for good fund usage include rational allocation mechanism, standard unit price and purchase procedure. Difference between actual workload and planned workload leads to the difference between planning and demands. The responsibilities of different sectors involved in this procedure should be further clarified and the fund allocation among different areas should be thoughtfully considered. The influence factors of the allocation and use of national fund in low HIV epidemic areas are the same as the factors in high epidemic areas.更多还原