【作者】 王哲；

【导师】 孔祥伟；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 管壳式换热器是工业生产中应用最广泛的一种换热器,在化工、冶金、炼油、建筑、机械制造、食品、制药及航天航空等工业部门占有重要地位。这种换热设备一般是根据用户要求进行针对性设计,需要设计周期尽可能短,而传统的人工设计方式计算及制图工作量大、设计周期长、效率较低,不能适应现阶段的设计要求。而且近年来数值模拟技术发展迅速,在换热器设计方面的应用日益广泛。因此,随着计算机软硬件的发展,针对其开发专门的设计平台具有广泛的现实意义和可行性。本文即针对管壳式换热器的设计特点,开发集工艺计算、三维参数化建模、和简化模型自动生成于一体的三维设计平台。主要研究内容如下：(1)通过分析管壳式换热器的设计流程和计算项目,在SolidWorks平台上,利用VB语言编写工艺设计程序,实现基于平均温差法的热力计算、结构计算和基于埃索法的流动阻力计算等功能。并利用VB语言对Excel表格进行操作,将工艺设计结果以报表的形式输出和保存,方便设计者进行设计文档的管理。(2)利用参数化设计和二次开发技术,在三维软件平台SolidWorks上进行管壳式换热器零部件的参数化设计,利用参数修改法实现法兰和支座等标准件模型库的建立,利用程序驱动法实现对管板、管束、折流板这类非标零部件的自动布管设计。此外,针对数值模拟分析需求开发简化模型设计功能,对管壳式换热器模型做相应的简化,实现CAD设计与CFD(计算流体力学)数值模拟的结合。(3)利用ANSYS FLUENT软件对换热器壳程流体进行数值模拟,观察壳程流体在实际工况下的流动和传热现象。对折流板间距50-200mm的4个换热器模型进行仿真结果的对比分析,同时参照部分工艺计算结果,验证利用数值模拟技术辅助换热器设计及结构参数优化的可行性和必要性。本文开发的管壳式换热器三维数值化设计平台能够在很大程度上减轻设计人员的工作量,缩短设计周期；利用三维平台进行设计更为清晰直观,且易与数值模拟进行结合,具有一定的实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The shell-and-tube heat exchanger is one of the most widely used heat exchangers in the industrial production, which plays an important part in chemical, metallurgy, oil refining, construction, machinery manufacturing, food, pharmaceuticals and aerospace and other industrial departments. This kind of heat exchange equipment is commonly according to user’s requirements to design and its design cycle should be as short as possible. While traditional way of artificial design has the following deficiencies:large workload of computing and drawing, long design cycle, low efficiency, which make it can not meet the design requirements at this stage. And the numerical simulation technology has developed rapidly in recent years, which is widely applied in heat exchanger design. Thus, with the development of computer hardware and software, developing specialized design platform has a wide range of practical significance and feasibility.This article is to develop the 3d design platform based on design features of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which combines process calculation,3d parameterized modeling and generating simplified model automatically. The main research contents are as follows:(1) Through the analysis of the design process and calculation program of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, process design program was written by using VB language on the SolidWorks platform to achieve functions such as thermodynamic calculations based on LMTD, structural calculations and flow resistance calculation based on Esso method. VB language was used to operate Excel spreadsheet to output and save process design results in the form of report, making it convenient for designers to manage design documents.(2) Parametric design and secondary development technology were used on parts design of shell-and-tube heat exchangers to establish the standard model library for flanges, supports and so on by the use of parameter modification method. They can also be used on automatic cloth tube design for non-standard parts such as tube sheet, tube bundle and baffle plate by the use of driver programming method. In addition, design capabilities of the simplified model for the requirements of numerical simulation analysis and Simplify the model accordingly to realize the combination of CAD design and CFD numerical simulation(3) ANSYS Fluent software was used for numerical simulation of the heat exchanger shell side fluid to observe the flow and heat transfer phenomena under actual working conditions. The simulation results of 4 models with different baffle spacing from 50mm to 200mm were analyzed to verify the feasibility and necessity of using the numerical simulation technology in heat exchanger design and optimization of structural parameters with reference to part of the process calculation results.In this paper, the development of 3d numerical tube heat exchanger design platform can reduce the workload of design personnel to a great extent and shorten the design cycle; it is more clear and intuitive to design by using 3d platform and easy to combine with numerical simulation, which has certain practical values.更多还原