【作者】 张刚；

【导师】 钱宏亮；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 结构工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 射电望远镜是人类探索宇宙的重要工具,为了实现更高的工作性能,射电望远镜正向大口径、高精度的趋势发展。受日照非均匀温度场的影响,射电望远镜反射面会产生不规则形变,严重影响射电望远镜的型面精度。因此本文将采用试验与数值模拟相结合的方法,对射电望远镜主、副反射面的日照温度场进行研究,为日后射电望远镜的设计建造及其精度控制提供参考。本文研究工作主要从下述4个方面展开:1、主反射面温度场试验研究对射电望远镜模型的主反射面进行日照非均匀温度场试验。为确保试验效果及试验数据的准确性本文对试验进行了详细设计,包括选择试验场地及仪器、确定试验工况、布置温度传感器等;根据16种工况的试验结果,对射电望远镜主反射面的温度场分布规律及时变规律进行研究。2、主反射面温度场试验模拟总结日照温度场分析计算方法,运用ANSYS有限元软件建立主反射面的数值模型;基于射电望远镜主反射面的日照温度场试验,对各试验工况进行全过程数值模拟;分析试验结果与模拟结果的误差率,评估射电望远镜温度场数值模拟方法的有效性。3、副反射面温度场试验研究根据射电望远镜副反射面“太阳灶”效应的形成原理设计副反射面日照温度场试验;分析试验结果研究副反射面温度场分布规律及“太阳灶”效应;对副反射面“太阳灶”效应试验进行数值模拟,通过对比试验结果与数值模拟结果,研究副反射面温度场的数值模拟方法。4、典型参数对温度场的影响射电望远镜日照非均匀温度场形成原因复杂、影响因素较多;本文对大气浑浊度、太阳辐射吸收率、板材厚度3个影响反射面温度场的关键因素进行参数分析,研究各参数对射电望远镜反射面日照温度场的影响规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 The radio telescope is an important machine to discover the universe. The radio telescope developing trends are larger-diameter and higher-precision for better working performance. Because of the influence of sunshine non-uniform temperature field, the radio telescope reflector would show irregular deformation and serious affects its geometric accuracy. So this paper will make the experimental research on sunshine non-uniform temperature field of the radio telescope main reflector and subreflector with the methed which combined experiment with numerical simulation for providing the reference of future designing radio telescope manufacture and its geometric accuracy control. The main research contents of this paper are shown as followed:1. Experimental research of the main reflector temperature fieldDo the sunshine non-uniform temperature field experiments of the radio telescope model main reflector. To ensure the accuracy of experimental results, experiments are designed detailedly, including adapted experimental instrument and place, chooses test the conditions and temperature sensors laying, etc. According to the temperature data of 16 test conditions, make a full research on the rule of temperature field distribution of radio telescopes main reflector and the time-dependent.2. Experimental simulation of main reflector temperature fieldSummarize the theoretical analysis methods of sunshine temperature field, and build the main reflector numerical model with ANSYS. Based on the sunshine temperature field experiment of main reflector, carry out the whole process numerical simulation of the experiments, and analyse the error rate between experiment and simulation results. Finally evaluate the validity of the simulation method of radio telescopes.3. Experimental research of the subreflector temperature fieldAccording to the theory of the solar cook effect, design and conduct the radio telescope subreflector sunshine non-uniform temperature field experiments. And then summarize the temperature distribution theory and solar cook effect of subreflector based on the experiment results. Make a numerical simulation of the experiment, and have research on the simulation method of radio telescope subreflector according to the results of experiment and simulation.4. The influence of typical parameters on temperature fieldThere are many causes and influence factors of radio telescope’s sunshine non-uniform temperature field. In this essay, three important parameters, influence of turbidity, solar radiation absorption rate and reflector thickness, will be analyzed to figure out the influence rule on radio telescope’s sunshine non-uniform temperature field.更多还原