【作者】 周鹏；

【导师】 张占龙；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 电气工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 由于我国经济的发展需要,电力系统建设将不断进行,电网规模的将持续扩大,电力系统中的非线性负荷也将随之逐渐增多,其产生的“谐波污染”也越发严重。谐波不仅会缩短电气设备的寿命,引起各种故障,还会加大电网的损耗,拉低系统的功率因数以及输配电和用电效率,扩大经济损失,对电网的电能计量与经济核算也造成一定影响,常规的谐波治理方式虽然解决了线路中谐波含量过高的问题,但造成了能量的浪费。因此,探究谐波能量的提取回收方法对于电力系统的节能降损有重大意义。本文针对配电网谐波造成能量损耗而常规治理方法存在能量浪费的问题,提出了通过谐波能量提取线圈感应谐波低阻抗通路中的电流从而进行谐波能量提取回收的方法。给出了谐波损耗的分析与计算方法,为了降低线路谐波损耗并提取回收部分谐波能量,构建了谐波能量提取方法与系统架构,围绕此系统架构,分析并设计了低阻抗通路以及谐波能量提取互感线圈,在此基础上进行实验研究。本文主要研究工作如下:①对当前配电网谐波损耗来源进行分析,给出了谐波损耗的分析方法。考虑集肤效应、临近效应与涡流效应建立谐波损耗分析模型,通过分析与计算得到了线路谐波附加线损率与谐波损耗以及变压器中谐波损耗及其占其总损耗的比例。②针对常规谐波治理方法导致能量浪费的问题,构建了谐波能量提取方法与系统架构。其实现前提条件是谐波分流,因此,根据特定的含谐波负载的模型进行单调谐的谐波低阻抗通路设计,为进一步提高单调谐电路分流谐波的效果,提出了改进方法,实现了提高线路电能质量、减小谐波损耗以及谐波电流分流的目的。③在构建低阻抗谐波通路的基础上进一步提出了谐波电能提取回收利用方案,即通过谐波能量提取互感线圈感应一次侧谐波低阻抗通路中的电流并输出,最终达到谐波能量的提取回收目的。分析了互感线圈的工作特性、磁芯材料、线圈匝数等参数的影响以及参数设计的确定方法。结合所确定的适用于谐波能量提取线圈的参数,借助Saber软件仿真得到更接近实际结果的特性,验证了所确定的谐波能量提取线圈在一次侧达到一定电流后能够输出功率。④在实验室进行低阻抗通路实验以及电能提取实验。结果表明单调谐电路特别是在线路中串联电抗器能够有效实现谐波分流并降低线路中的谐波含量。而通过互感线圈的空载和带负载运行模拟实验验证互感线圈能够传输能量,通过互感线圈感应一次侧谐波通路电流能实现谐波能量的提取。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development and expansion of electric power system, the nonlinear load in power system is gradually increasing, so is the harmonic pollution. Harmonic can not only shorten the life of electrical equipment, cause different kinds of fault, but also increase the network loss of power grid, reduce the power factor of power grid and efficiency of the production, transmission and utilization of electricity,then increasing the loss of electric power supply department. So studying the harmonic power loss, harmonic suppression and the method for extraction and recovery of harmonic electric energy has important significance on electric system. This paper aimed at the problem that the distribution network harmonic caused energy loss while conventional methods caused waste of energy and then put forward the methods of harmonic energy extraction from the low impedance path. This paper analyzed the calculation method of harmonic loss, and on this basis put forward the method of harmonic energy extraction and constructed the structure of the system, and then this paper analyzed and designed the low impedance path together with the harmonic energy extraction coil. Finally, library tests were conducted according the methods. The main researches are as follows:①This paper analyzed the harmonic loss in the distribution network, then deduced the calculation formula of harmonic loss considering the skin effect, proximity effect and eddy effect. Through the analysis and calculation, the relationship between harmonic loss rate and harmonic distortion rate together with the scale of harmonic loss in the total loss are confirmed.②Aim at the problem that the conventional method may cause waste of energy, this paper put forward the harmonic energy extraction method and constructed the system. And then designed the single harmonic tuning circuit for a particular harmonic load, proposed an improved method and realized the propose of improving power quality and reducing harmonic loss.③On the basis of single-tuned filter circuit, this paper put forward the scheme for extraction of harmonic energy, extracted energy through the primary coil of mutual inductance coil and output, and finally achieved the extraction and recovery of harmonic energy. The paper analyzed the operating characteristics, the influence of core material, turns and other parameters and determined the parameters. The paper got the characteristics closer to the actual results through Saber simulation software and verified that the harmonic energy extraction coil can output power when in the primary coil reach certain current.④The paper conducted the experiments of low impedance path and harmonic energy extraction. The results prove that the single-tuned filter circuit can effectively reduce the harmonic current flowing into the grid and enhance the power quality, especially when the reactor is connected in series to the line. And the experiments of mutual inductance coil working with load or not verified that the mutual coil is capable of transmitting energy and that inducting harmonic wave current in the primary side of mutual inductance coil can achieve extraction of harmonic energy.更多还原