基于生态足迹的云南省生态适度人口空间格局研究

【作者】 张敏；

【导师】 骆华松；

【作者基本信息】 云南师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着改革开放和西部大开发战略的不断深入,云南省经济增长迅速、社会进步明显,但这些成绩的取得是以环境持续恶化、资源过度消耗为代价,究其原因,人口问题是关键,如不加以控制生态系统有濒临崩溃的威胁。针对这一问题,我们必须重新审视人与自然之间的关系,寻求生态环境与社会经济的协调进步。本文在相关研究文献以及云南省相关统计资料基础之上,运用生态足迹模型,从生态适度人口的角度对云南省可持续发展现状进行分析。这顺应了云南省建设“两型社会”的宗旨和可持续发展的建设目标,也是对云南省人口研究的补充和完善,从而可以为地方建设提供理论依据。本文运用生态足迹模型计算了云南省2012年的生态足迹和生态承载力,从三个层次分析了云南省生态适度人口的空间格局情况。结果表明,云南省生态足迹和生态适度人口赤字的空间格局都呈现出一定的规律性。从当前实际情况出发,云南省还有接纳一定外来人口的空间,但经济发展、人口因素等方面对生态环境的压力不断增大,生态赤字的状态依然存在,生态系统也仍然具有不可持续性。另外,本文从自然因素、人口因素、社会经济因素等几个方面对生态适度人口的影响因子进行分析。最后,本文基于以转变经济发展方式实现经济、环境、社会的可持续发展的角度,从降低生态足迹和提高生态承载力两个方面提出了改进措施和配套建议,并讨论了文章在研究过程中的创新和不足之处,对相关研究的发展方向做出展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the implementation of reform and open policy and the deepening of t-he western development strategy, Yunnan province’s economy has achieved rap-id development and the society has had great progress, however, these achievements are at the price of the continued deterioration of the environment and excessive consumption of resources, Investigating its reason, the population problem is the key, if we don’t control, the ecosystem will be on the verge of collapse threat. To solve this problem, we have to re-examine the relationship between human and nature and seek harmony progress between ecological environment and social economy. This study is based on the relevant research literature and the statistical data of Yunnan province use the model of ecological footprint and analysis the current situation of sustainable development from the perspective of ecological appropriate population. This follows the aim of construction of “two-type society” in Yunnan province and the construction objectives of sustainable development, so also is the supplement and perfect of Yunnan province’s population research, then provide the theoretical basis for the local construction.In this paper, using the model of ecological footprint calculate Yunnan province’s ecological footprint and ecological bearing capacity in 2012 and analysis the spatial pattern of ecological appropriate population in Yunnan province from three levels. The results show that the spatial pattern of ecological footprint and the ecological optimum population deficit in Yunnan province present some regularity. Yunnan province has some space to receive foreign population, but the economic development and population factors etc. take increasing pressure to the ecological environment from the current actual situation, the state of ecological deficit still exists and ecological system still has not sustainable. In addition, this paper analysis the impact factors of ecological optimum population from several factors of nature, population, economy and so on.Finally, this study is based on the perspective which is transform to economic development ways to realize the sustainable development of economy, environment and society, proposes the improvement measures and matching recommendations from the two aspects of reducing the ecological footprint and improving ecological carrying capacity, and discusses the innovations and deficiencies in research process, put forward the development direction of the relevant research prospects.更多还原