【作者】 周浩；

【导师】 张建武；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 机械工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国铁路运输向高速和重载方向发展,重载机车的运用条件日趋苛刻,在高速或重载运行条件下,机车的受力情况远比一般情况下复杂。机车运行过程中的故障率呈上升趋势,重载铁路运输中的问题日益突显,主要表现为机车的振动加剧,蛇行运动严重,甚至脱轨和线路变形等。因此研究机车运行过程中的动力学性能具有非常重要的意义。本论文以HXN5型大功率内燃机车为研究对象,基于SIMPACK多体动力学分析软件,分别建立了导框式HXN5内燃机车与拉杆式HXN5内燃机车的非线性多体动力学模型,并通过试验数据对比验证了模型的准确性和有效性。根据两种类型内燃机车的多体动力学模型,对线性临界速度、非线性临界速度、直线运行性能、曲线运行性能(运行安全性和运行平稳性)等动力学性能指标进行了分析研究,并对两种类型转向架机车性能进行了比较。由于轮轨关系涉及轨道车辆运行的稳定性和安全性,本文还分析了轮轨接触的重要参数(等效锥度和踏面型式)对机车运行性能的影响。此外,针对影响机车运行性能的导框纵向间隙、抗蛇形减振器的性能以及轴重平衡等关键参数进行了优化,并取得了较好效果。本文的研究结果对评估HXN5型大功率内燃机车的动力学性能,机车的运用和优化改进机车设计具有重要的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of our country’s railway transportation towards higher speed and heavier load, the running condition of heavy-duty locomotive is more serious. Under the condition of high speed or heavy load operation, force of the locomotive is far more complicated than the normal. Failure rate is on the rise and problems of heavy load transportation are increasing. The serious vibration of the locomotive, sinusoidal movement, even derailment and the line deformation are the major performance. So it is of great importance to do the dynamic research of the heavy-duty locomotive.In this dissertation HXN5 heavy-duty locomotive is the research object. Based on SIMPACK multi-body dynamic analysis software, nonlinear multi-body dynamic models of box-type bogie and rod-type bogie are established and verified by experiment data. According to the locomotive models, dynamic performances are analyzed, and optimization improvement suggestions are put forward. Dynamic performances of the two kinds of locomotives including the linear and nonlinear critical velocities, straight line running performances, curve passing performances(safety and running smoothness) are studied and compared.Because wheel/rail relationship influences vehicle’s running stability and safety, the wheel/rail contact is also studied in this dissertation. Wheel/rail contact parameters include the equivalent conicity and trend forms, while 5 kinds of tread are analyzed. In addition, the optimization work is aimed at those key parameters affecting the running performance including the box longitudinal clearance, anti-yaw damper and the axle load balance. At last, well optimization results are obtained.The research results of this dissertation have important reference value for the optimization and improvement on the design of HXN5 locomotive.更多还原