【作者】 余娟；

【导师】 王东； 谌先员；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 物流工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国物流市场竞争的日趋激烈,如何有效的控制成本,提高单位成本收益,越来越受到企业的重视,为此,企业引进了标准工时的使用。但是由于标准工时的测算流程和规则复杂多变,所以当现场作业流程有所变更的时候,标准工时的测算也就显得不便,参数容易漏考虑,导致测算出的工时和实际差别较大。企业管理信息化作为提升企业竞争力的必要手段,很多企业都在管理过程和作业过程中采用了信息化手法。但是目前计算机系统在标准工时测算方面的应用远远落后于其他领域,所以相当多的企业仍然采用人工计算的方式测算标准工时。要实现标准工时测算的现代管理方法,需要采用信息化手段,最大程度的简化计算过程,减少人为因素的干扰,实现标准工时的计算机管理,保证标准工时的测算公平、合理,以适应企业信息化建设的发展。因此,实现标准工时测算工作信息化对企业而言是目前迫切需要解决的课题。本文通过对现有标准工时测算方法的研究,结合计算机系统所具有高效的运算能力和图形处理能力的优势,建立适合汽车零部件物流企业标准工时测算系统的数学模型。对于汽车零部件物流标准工时测算工作而言,在零部件运输环节所耗费的工时的测算工作占据了较为重要的部分,本文针对这个问题进行深入研究,采用了全新的概念,高效的实现了最优路径的求解,将搜索区域划分为多个单元格,并对每个单元格设置属性,对拥有节点属性的单元格有序标注,再把各个节点之间的连通性表现在矩阵中,这里引进了节点维度的概念,通过对矩阵的多重外积运算得到相应维度的所有的路径集,再在路径集中进行条件筛选即可求得最优路径。本文通过分析标准工时测算系统的数学模型,确认了系统的功能需求,并根据功能需求建立了系统的功能模块。本文完成了标准工时测算系统总体架构的设计,并且采用了C#技术和ORACLE数据库完成了基于模型调用方法和最优路径求解理论的系统实现。本文首先对国内外标准工时以及标准工时测算系统的研究现状作了说明,其次阐述了汽车物流企业作业七个基本功能和目前在企业中通用标准工时测算方法,并对本文采用的标准工时测算方法按照步骤进行说明。再次通过分析标准工时测算系统的流程,建立了相应的数学模型,并对测算系统中的关键技术-最优路径求解的方法进行研究与说明,然后设计了系统功能模块和系统总体架构,建立了相关数据库表,最后完成了零部件物流标准工时测算系统的开发。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the competition of logistics market in China becomes more and more fierce,how to effectively control costs and how to improve the benefits becomes more and more attentive as to enterprises. Therefore, the standard working hour has been imported into enterprises.Generallly, the process and rules of the standard working hour calculation metheods are complex.When the field work process is changed or some parameters are neglected by mistake,the calculation results are different from actual conditions and can not be insured. Therefore, the realization of standard working hour calculation work informationization is an urgent task for enterprises.As a necessary means to improve the competitiveness of enterprises,many companies use the information technique in the management process and operation process. But the application of computer system in the standard working hour calculation lags far behind other areas, so many enterprises still use the manual calculation mode to calculate it. The standard working hour calculation to be achieved with modern management method, which need the modern information tools,should be more simple and be with the least man-made factors. Therefore, a more fair and reasonable methods for estimation of the standard working hour calculation is necessary.Based on the existing standard working hour calculation method, combined with the computer system which has high operation ability and the power advantage graphics processing, the standard time measurement system is established with mathematical model which is suitable for automobile parts logistics enterprises. This paper makes use of a new concept to achieve the optimal path. The search area is divided into a plurality of cells, then the properties are set for each cell. Marking the cell in order which has the attribute of the nodes, the connectivity between nodes can be shown in the matrix. Through multiple of the matrix product operation, all of the path of the corresponding dimension of the set is derived and the optimal path in it focusing on the screening conditions can be obtained, eventually, the concept of node dimension is introduced,.This paper completes the overall design architecture of the standard time measurement system, and adopts C# technology and ORACLE database to complete the system which based on the Model method invocation and the optimal path algorithm theory.By analyzing the mathematical model of the standard working hour calculation system, the system’s functional requirements have been confirmed and the function module of the system is established.更多还原