【作者】 吴文静；

【导师】 孙建江；

【作者基本信息】 宁波大学 ， 法律， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 近些年我国频发子女权益深受父母严重侵害事件,尤以父母故意伤害、虐待、遗弃、强奸子女事件为典型。这表明,有些家庭内部应有的信赖保护机制已经悄然发生质变,亲子关系应有的互助与和谐、义务与责任的精神也受到重创。此等情形下,我国立法仍固守子女赡养的绝对义务,不仅有违亲属法注重良善教养回报的立法价值,也背离了亲子关系讲究权责统一的伦理价值取向,更是难以符合民众的期待可能性。不少学者已从理论上论证了子女赡养义务不应是绝对的,在一定情形下可以予以免除。司法实践对此早已做了突破,只不过各地做法并不一致。鉴此,笔者通过实证分析、比较分析、文献研究等方法,试图构建我国的子女赡养义务免除制度,以期最大程度地维护子女最佳利益和实现“父母慈爱、子女孝敬”的良性循环。本文第一部分首先对我国子女赡养义务免除制度构建的必要性进行分析。一方面从子女赡养义务免除制度的现实需求入手,另一方面结合我国现行法上的缺陷进行论证。本文第二部分则是对我国子女赡养义务免除制度构建的可行性进行分析,主要从子女赡养义务免除的理论基础与社会保障体系支撑这两方面来进行阐述。本文第三部分写子女赡养义务免除制度的域外考察,通过子女赡养义务免除制度在域外的运行概况与域外子女赡养义务免除制度的具体内容两个方面来阐述,试为我国子女赡养义务免除制度的构建提供可借鉴的经验,并提出自己的观点与看法。本文第四部分,在立足国内外学者研究成果和充分考虑我国现状的基础上,将对我国子女赡养义务免除制度从立法设计与对相关规定的衔接两方面来具体构建。其制度的具体内容将从我国子女赡养义务免除的主体、启动方式、适用情形、法律效力这几个方面来予以设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, children rights and interests in our country are infringed by their parents, the typical examples of which are injuring, maltreating, abandoning or raping sons and daughters. This suggests that some familial protection mechanisms of legitimate expectations have been quietly changed and the spirits of cooperation, obligation and harmony between parents and children have been hit hard. Under such circumstances, our legislation still stick to the filial obligation, which is not only against the legislative value of paying attention to good parenting returns, but also deviating from the ethics value orientation about the unification of rights and liabilities between parents and children. It is even more difficult to meet the expected possibility of the masses of the people. Many scholars also demonstrate the filial obligation should not be absolute theoretically, which could be exempted in certain circumstances. In this regard, judicial practice has also made a breakthrough, but still exists full of no consistencies. In view of this situation, author is trying to construct our filial obligation exemption system to maximize the maintenance of the best interests of the offspring and realize a parental guidance and filial respect’s benign cycle through the way of empirical analysis, comparative analysis, literature research and other research analysis.Part I of the paper analyses the necessity of construction of China’s filial obligations exemption system firstly. On the one hand, it states the real needs of the system. On the other hand, it proves the defects of China’s current law.PartⅡof the paper is the feasibility analysis on the construction of China’s filial obligations exemption system. It mainly demonstrates the theoretical basis of the filial obligation exemption system and the social-security systems for the support of it.Part III of the paper describes the foreign investigation of the system of the filial obligation exemption, which attempts to provide experience for the establishment of filial obligation exemption system and can put forward my own views and opinions by introducing the running situation and the concrete content of the external filial obligation exemption system.Part IV of the paper concerns the concrete construction of filial obligation exemption system which will be constructed from the two aspects of legislation design and the convergence of the relevant provisions on the basis of the research results of inside and outside scholars and considering the present situation of our country. The main contents of the system will be designed from the following four aspects: adequate subject, start-up mode, applicable conditions and legal effect.更多还原