【作者】 张爽；

【导师】 焦庆祝；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 无机化学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 锌作电极时,电极电势极负,在一些没有氧化性的溶液中或干燥的空气中镀锌设备具有很好的抗腐蚀性能。是由于形成了难溶碱式盐或氧化物保护膜。因此,被广泛应用于热镀方面。然而镀锌设备,经常处在各种环境介质中,很容易生成积垢。最常用的除垢方法就是化学清洗。本文主要研究醋酸介质中锌缓蚀剂的研制过程和评价。运用失重法,对几十种化合物进行单组份筛选,找到醋酸介质中对金属锌有很好效果的化合物,例如水合肼和苯并三氮唑。对水合肼与苯并三氮唑在锌表面的吸附的热力学性能研究结果表明,两种物质在锌表面的吸附均都符合朗缪尔吸附规律,且吸附过程的ΔH0、ΔG0、ΔS0都小于零,均属于自发进行的放热过程。研究水合肼和苯并三氮唑的电化学性能,分析极化曲线图发现,水合肼为阳极型缓蚀剂,苯并三氮唑为混合型缓蚀剂。将单组份筛选出来的,具有良好效果的化合物进行两组分协同实验研究。绘制协同作用曲线,并制成最佳配比表。研究发现水合肼与苯并三氮唑,六水哌嗪与苯并三氮唑、水合肼与酒石酸钠、水合肼与磺基水杨酸、水合肼与六水哌嗪分别都具有协同效果,各组最佳配比分别为4:1,2:3,3:2,7:3,3:2研究四组协同组分的电化学性能,分析极化曲线图和电化学数据表,发现水合肼与酒石酸钠是偏阳极混合型缓蚀剂,水合肼与磺基水杨酸为偏阳极混合型缓蚀剂,水合肼与六水哌嗪是偏阳极混合型缓蚀剂,六水哌嗪与苯并三氮唑是偏阴极混合型缓蚀剂,水合肼与苯并三氮唑是偏阳极混合型缓蚀剂。在两组分协同效应的基础上继续研制,最终研发了复合缓蚀剂JZS,通过正交试验确定其最佳配比,配制成缓蚀剂溶液。确定JZS的最佳浓度,并研究它对酸浓度、时间、温度的抗干扰性。研究发现,缓蚀剂JZS抗干扰性能非常强。通过研究缓蚀剂JZS的电化学性能,分析它的电化学数据表和极化曲线,最终发现缓蚀剂JZS是偏阴极混合型的缓蚀剂。更多还原

【Abstract】 The electrode potential of metallic zinc is electrode negative. The galvanizing equipment has good corrosion resistance in a non-oxidizing aqueous solutions or dry air mainly because of the protection of the film. The properties of the medium tell us that the protective film on zinc could be formed of oxide, hydrogen oxides or other insoluble basic salts. It is widely used in hot dip. While it is easy to generate fouling in various environmental media, the most common way to clean the fouling is chemical cleaning. The paper researches the acid cleaning in chemical cleaning.To find the compounds of acetate medium that have good effect of release for metal zinc, we selected from dozens of one-compounds through weight loss, for example, hydrazine hydrate and BTA. Studying the thermodynamic properties, the two substances are proper to the Langmuir adsorption law, ΔH0、ΔG0、ΔS0 are low to zero. The process is spontaneous and exothermic process with entropy decreases.Study the electrochemical properties of hydrazine hydrate and BTA and analysis the polarization graphs, the foundation shows that hydrazine hydrate is anodic inhibitor, BTA is a mixed type inhibitor.Carry out the compounds with good release effect from one-component to make two-component collaborative experimental study.Draw synergy curve and make the ratio tables in the best ingredient. Research shows that hydrazine hydrate and BTA, six water pauperizing with BTA, hydrazine hydrate and sodium tartrate, hydrazine hydrate and sulfosalicylic acid, hydrazine hydrate and six water piperazine have synergistic effect, the best ratio is 4:1,2:3,3:2,7:3,3:2.The research of collaborative component electrochemical properties in four groups, the graph polarization curves and table of electrochemical data show that sulfosalicylic acid and hydrazine hydrate are mixed type inhibitor, hydrazine hydrate and sodium tartrate are mixed partial anodic inhibitor, hydrazine hydrate and piperazine hex hydrate are mixed partial anodic inhibitor, hexahydrate piperazine and BTA are mixed partial catholic corrosion inhibitor.Develop based on the synergistic effect of the two components and found the complex inhibitor JZS at the end, do orthogonal experiment to be sure of the best ratio and inhibitor solution. Determine the optimal concentration of JZS, study noise immunity of acid concentration, time and temperature, the inhibitor JZS immunity is good.The electrochemical properties of corrosion JZS, polarization curves and electrochemical data table show that JZS is mixed partial cathodic corrosion inhibitor.更多还原