【作者】 郭鑫；

【导师】 苏涛；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着航天应用不断拓展,航天测控领域不断开发新技术新方法,用以满足对航天航空目标的跟踪、捕获、参数测量及通信任务。本课题在这种应用背景下提出:为满足众多在轨飞行器的跟踪及参数测量需要,地面需实时监控目标的飞行状态,并通过测角技术实时完成对目标捕获跟踪。而如何快速、精确地捕获跟踪飞行目标已经成为实际工程实践中普遍存在的问题。本课题重点分析角跟踪体制及相应信号处理理论,并以此为基础研制角跟踪接收机设备,并应用于实际测控系统。文中首先给出了本文的研究应用背景,介绍研究内容涵盖的知识点,包括角度测量、接收机设计等,紧接着给出角跟踪测量系统的历史发展情况以及国内外研究现状。然后介绍传统的测角技术:波束转换技术、圆锥扫描技术、单脉冲技术;重点介绍单脉冲技术,并给出单脉冲测角系统的前端信源模型,此模型是接收机通道设计及算法设计的基础。单脉冲接收体制按通道设计存在多种架构,文中详细分析了每一种架构设计、性能、信号处理体制、实现上的优缺点,就单通道超外差体制接收机做重点介绍;实现算法方面描述了同步解调和包络解调体制,同步解调基于载波提取技术,包络解调基于能量积累技术,本文相关解调方法属于包络解调体制,文中介绍了如何将相关的方法用于角度检测,介绍这一点的目的为后期算法优化提供思路。随后本文对不同参数下的相关检测算法进行大量仿真计算,包括白噪声背景下全相关算法的检测性能分析,去除统计噪声后全相关算法的检测性能分析,色噪声背景下移位N点算法的检测性能分析,以及不同参数对移位N点算法性能影响分析等,为后期算法的实现提供理论及仿真分析依据。基于前面的理论及仿真分析文中给出单通道测角接收机的实现方案,并就FPGA和DSP中具体算法的模块划分和数据处理流程进行了介绍;最后在实现的基础上给出实际系统的测试结果,并对实际系统在实现中遇到的一些问题进行分析,给出系统的优化思路和方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous development of space technology, the new methods are developed in the TT & C(Telemetry,Track & Command) system to complete the task of spacecraft tracking, capturing, parameter measuring and communicating. In such an application background, the subject is presented: in order to meet the demands of tracking and parameter measuring in orbit aircraft, the control center needs real-time monitoring flight state of target. By measuring the angle, the control center completes the target acquisition and tracking. However, how to capture the flying target quickly and accurately has become a common problem in the actual engineering practice. The paper focuses on analyzing the angle tracking system and the related theories, and develops an angle tracking receiver device for application.Firstly, the paper gives the application background of the study and introduces the corresponding knowledge, including angle measurement, receiver design et al.. It presents the history of the TT&C system and the research status domestic and foreign. Secondly, the paper introduces the traditional angle measurement technology, including the beam switching technology, the conical scanning technology, the mono-pulse technology. Then we focus on the mono-pulse technology, and propose the source model of mono-pulse angle measuring system which is the basis of the receiver channel and the designing of algorithms. The mono-pulse receiver system has a variety of architectures depending on the number of the channels. The paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each architecture, focuses on the super-heterodyne receiver, and describes the technology of synchronous demodulation and envelope demodulation. The synchronous demodulation is based on carrier extraction technology and the envelope demodulation is based on the energy accumulation technology. And the latter technology is used herein. The paper describes the contact between the correlation detection and the angle measurement which give the ideas of optimizing the algorithms. Thirdly, the paper simulates the correlation detection algorithm under different conditions, including the detection performance of the full correlation algorithm, the N-point shifting algorithm, and the effects of different parameters etc.. Based on the analysis and simulation, the implementation of the single-channel receiver is proposed next. And the design of the FPGA and DSP modules along with the dataprocessing are introduced. Finally, the paper presents the test results of the angle tracking system; analyzes the problems in the realization of the system; and gives the optimization methods.更多还原