【作者】 李红；

【导师】 柯敏； 史方龙；

【作者基本信息】 长江大学 ， 体育教学， 2015， 硕士

【副题名】以荆州市实验幼儿园为例

【摘要】 学龄前儿童是国家未来的主人翁,学龄前教育也是国家教育的基础,当国家正大力推广全民健身的时候,似乎忽略了儿童体质的培养；中国今天的儿童教育已经失之偏颇,大部分父母在开发儿童智能的时候,只注重儿童的语言、数理、音乐方面的智能,往往忽略了幼儿最基本的,也是最重要的身体运动智能的培养。而且当代儿童最大的问题就是增强体质培养的问题。“健康体魄+健康心理=美好人生”,这是联合国世界卫生组织赋予“健康”的深刻含义。在长期的探索中,教师看到了体育活动在幼儿身心发展中的重要价值,而且区域活动能促进每个幼儿全面和谐的发展。区域活动是教师为幼儿创设的具有教育性、兴趣性、探索性、创造性、操作性和自由的、宽松的学习活动环境,让幼儿在活动中充分表现自己的能力,通过摆弄物体,自由操作,观察和实验而认识物体的特征和物体之间的关系,解释事物现象,发现问题,解决问题,从而发展幼儿的思维能力,发展个性,培养自信,促进每个幼儿全面和谐的发展。因此尝试“探索开放式区域体育活动,促进幼儿身心和谐发展”的实践研究,在实践中,试着尝试探索为幼儿创设开放性区域,提高幼儿一日体育运动的质量,变被动体育为主动体育。鉴于此,在与很多幼教专家接触并深入分析了解幼儿主题乐园的基础上,以开发幼儿园“阳光体育”运动课程资源为背景,为创设幼儿阳光体育长廊,也为适应我国学龄前儿童身体运动特征,以荆州市实验幼儿园为标本,开始创设户外区角运动区。通过查询的文献资料及参考国内外同类的和相关的幼儿户外运动环境设计,借鉴其它区角比如阅读、美工区等的成功经验,对荆州市实验幼儿园进行户外区角运动环境设计。根据园区内地形环境创设了不同的运动区域,并在实践的基础上不断进行探索、调整和完善,形成了平衡园、攀爬园、野趣园、拓展园四大园区以及球类区、投掷区、跳跃区、钻爬区、民间游戏区五大游戏区域,历时半年于2014年2月正式投入使用。为了验证户外区角运动环境设计的有效性,教师还选择了两个幼儿园作为参照园。在实验前后利用2012年建立的荆州市3-6岁学龄前儿童身体基本活动能力指标体系测试指标对实验园和两个对照园的实验对象进行测试,统计一学期后各指标增长值,进而判断户外区角运动环境设计的有效性。经过一学期的实践表明：户外区角运动环境设计对刚入园幼儿的影响最大。其次,在户外区角设计上没有直接的可供参照的资料,对园区户外区角运动环境设计属于摸索阶段,忽略了很多元素的设计,比如幼儿柔韧性锻炼指标,又强调了很多已有的设计,比如平衡园,其实在教师的各个园区都有涉及平衡的项目。最后,因为试行时间比较短,园区真正的作用可能还没体现出来,这很有可能需要2-3年的时间进行横向和纵向的研究才能展现出来,另外对于园区设计的功能分区还有些模糊,每个园具体锻炼哪些方面的能力还有待思考。但对于像攀爬园、拓展园这些比较成功的园区,可在其他幼儿园试推行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Preschool children are the future masters of the nation, preschool education is the basis of national education, when the country is making great efforts to promote national fitness, it seems to ignore the physical training of children; Chinese children’s education today has been biased, most parents in the development of children’s intelligence, focus only on children’s language, mathematical, musical intelligence, often neglected children the most basic, and most important body movements intelligence training. And the biggest problem is the enhancement of contemporary children’s physical training. " Health and mental health is equal to a better life", which is given to the United Nations World Health Organization, "Health" profound meaning. In the long-term exploration, teachers see significant value physical activity in early childhood physical and mental development, and regional activities to promote the full and harmonious development of every child. Regional Activities for young children is that teachers have the creation of educational interest, exploratory, creative, operational and freedom, relaxed environment, learning activities, so that children in the activities of the full performance of their abilities, by playing the object, freedom to operate, observation and experimentation and understanding of the relationship betteachersen the object and the object characteristics explain things phenomenon, identify problems, solve problems, and thus the development of children’s thinking ability, personality development, cultivate confidence and promote comprehensive and harmonious development of every child. So try Practices "explore the open area of sports activities to promote the harmonious development of children physically and mentally," in practice, teachers try to explore the creation of an open area for toddlers, preschool day to improve the quality of sports, sports change from passive to active sports. In view of this, in contact with a lot of experts and in-depth analysis of preschool children understand the theme park to develop kindergarten "Sunshine Sports" sports curriculum resources as the background for the creation of child Sunshine Sports corridor, but also to adapt to the body movement of preschoolers features to Jingzhou City Experimental kindergarten for specimens began creating outdoor area angular motion area. Through literature and reference queries and related domestic and foreign children outdoors environment design, drawing, such as the successful experience of other area reading corner, art area, etc., of Jingzhou City Experimental Kindergarten angular motion outdoor area environmental design. According to the terrain park environment creation of different sports area, and on the basis of practice continue to explore, to adjust and improve, forming a balanced park, climbing garden, wild garden, expand the four parks and ball park area, throwing area jumping area, drilling climbing area, folk games area five games area, which took six months to February 2014, officially put into use. In order to verify the effectiveness of the outdoor area of angular motion design environment, teachers also chose two outside two nursery garden as a reference. Before and after the study, the use of Jingzhou City in 2012 established three to six years old children basic physical activity indicators index system test subjects and two control experiments Park Park test statistical value of each index grew a semester, then judge angular motion outdoor area environmental design effectiveness. After a semester of practice show that: the outdoor area of angular motion environmental design just affect children’s largest park. Secondly, in the outdoor area on the corner design is no direct reference to the information available, the outdoor area of the park belongs to the angular motion Environmental Design exploratory stage, ignoring the many design elements, such as young children to exercise flexibility index, also stressed that a lot of the existing design, such as balancing garden, in fact, teachers are involved in balancing the various park projects. Finally, because the trial time is relatively short, the real role of the park may not be reflected, which is likely to take two or three years to horizontal and vertical research in order to show up, the other features designed for the park district also somewhat vague, What capabilities specific to each park to exercise remains to be thinking. But like climbing park, expanding these successful garden park, you can try to implement in other kindergarten.更多还原