【作者】 王威；

【导师】 张立群；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪20年代是一个重大的文化转型期,封建思想的盘旋以及对西方文化的借鉴,使得这一历史时期具有代表性。而五四乡土小说也一直是学术界热议的话题之一。本论文把五四时期的乡土小说作为研究对象,一方面五四时期是一个重大的文化转型时期,新旧文化的交替,西方文化的广泛传入,必将使得这一段时间内文学具有代表性。另一方面,五四乡土作家又是一批有着特殊生活经历的群体,他们既有着乡土生活的童年,又有着城市生活的经验,他们可以说是一个矛盾的共同体,城乡的文化冲突在他们的身体上交织着,这种交织是一种对立、不相容的,在这过程中,城市文明试图对乡村文明不断地进行改造、完善。基于上述两方面,论文试图在整个五四时期的大背景下,从作家这个文学主体出发,研究这类作家笔下的乡土小说创作,从小说的主题内容、作家的情感体验、叙事策略等三方面深入挖掘这批拥有特殊身份的五四乡土作家笔下的乡土小说的特色,以及再次认证其拥有不可磨灭的现代文学史地位的必然性。总观本篇论文共分为五部分:第一部分是对“作家身份”的诠释。通过对“作家身份”追根溯源,对“作家”作为一个主体概念进行深入分析。纵观现代文学史,作家身份有着一定的变化,虽然其本质都是知识分子,但是从不同的角度还可以把作家的身份进行分类,并再接下来的论文中着重探讨五四乡土作家这类既有着乡土的生活经验,同时又受着城市的熏染的一群人的特色,以及对乡土小说创作的影响。通过对作家身份的界定,继而为下文的续写做好理清关键概念的作用。第二部分城乡文化冲突下五四乡土作家的生存体验。五四时期,中国文坛上吹来了一股新的风气,这使得中国的知识分子的创作受到了巨大的影响。一个人生活在社会里不得不受到社会的影响,尤其是以我笔写我心的作家们,所以社会的变迁使得他们在政治态度、价值取向以及情感体验上都发生了变化。正是因为这些变化导致了他们在回望乡土的时候以特殊的方式对乡土小说创作进行别样的看待。第三部分着重探讨同时被城市和乡村侵染的五四乡土作家们笔下的文学作品是怎么样的,拥有着特殊的生活经历的作家们他们眼中的乡土必然是与众不同的,于是本文从作者笔下的乡村生活、乡村人民写起,这些的描写让我总感觉到一丝悲凉,这种悲凉也是作家们现实生活尴尬的文本呈现。在第四章中的农民作家身份的乡土的叙事策略,笔者分别从叙事视角,叙事结构,叙事话语三方面加以阐释。启蒙者的叙事视角让他们以“局外人”的姿态高高在上,话语权的占有又使他们可以略去对自身的批判,肆无忌惮地对农民加以赤裸裸的揭露,在作品中的以时间穿起整个“回乡”模式,明确拉开了作者与乡土的距离,同时每个乡土作家笔下的不同的意象又为乡土小说添姿添彩。第五部分为本文的升华部分,在这里,本文着重探讨作家身份的主体性充分施展下的作品所具有的意义,对它的价值进行当代反思。更多还原

【Abstract】 A major cultural transformation in the 1920 s, feudal ideas hover and reference of western culture, make this historical period to a representative. And the May 4th vernacular novels also has been one of hot academic topics. Agrestic novel from the may 4th movement period as the research object in this thesis, on the one hand, the may 4th period is a major cultural transformation period, the old and the new culture of alternating, western culture is introduced widely in China, literature representative will be made in this a period of time.The native writer of May 4th, on the other hand, has a special life experience. They both have a rural life of childhood and the experience of city life, they can be said to be a contradiction of the community, they gathered the country and city two kinds of civilization, and this two kinds of civilization is always are incompatible, urban civilization tried to transform it in conflict with rural civilization. Based on the above two aspects, the thesis is trying to in the background of the may 4th period, starting from the author of this literature subject, study the writer’s native novel creation, from the content of the theme of the novel, the writer’s emotional experience, narrative strategies in three aspects, and digging with their special identity of May 4th native writer’s native novel features, and again the necessity of modern literature, have an indelible status.View totally this paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the interpretation of "writer". Through the "writer" traced back, to the "writer", as a main body concept for in-depth analysis. Throughout modern history of literature, the writer has a certain change, although their essence are intellectuals, but also from different angles can classify the writer’s identity, and then the thesis discusses the May 4th vernacular writers such as a local life experience, at the same time, a group of people from the city’s edify features, and its influence to the vernacular novels. Through the definition of a writer, and then for your written below clarify key concepts. The second part of the cultural conflict between urban and rural areas under the May 4th native writer’s life experience. Blowing in the may fourth period, the Chinese literary world in a new culture, which makes the creation of the Chinese intellectuals by the huge impact. A personal life in the society have to is affected by the society, especially in my pen to write the writers of my heart, so the changes of the society makes them on political attitudes, value orientation, and emotional experience has changed. Precisely because of these changes led to them in looking back to the local time in a special way to another view of vernacular novels. The third part discusses the urban and rural areas at the same time "May 4th" native writers of the author’s literary works, has the special life experience of them in the eyes of local writers must be different, so this article from the author’s life in the countryside, rural people’s writing, the portrayal of let I always feel a little sad, this kind of sad is embarrassing text writers real life too. In chapter 4 of the farmers as a writer of local narrative strategy, the author respectively from the narrative perspective, narrative structure, narrative discourse three aspects to elaborate. Of narrative perspective let them on high, with the attitude of "outsiders" of voice and allow them to cut out of their criticism, the revelation of farmers to naked relentlessly, in the work in time to put on the "home" mode, clear away the distance between the author and local, at the same time, the different image of each local writer for native novel appearance. Fifth part for sublimation part of this article, in here, this paper focus on the subjectivity of writer identity fully display the works of significance, its value for the contemporary thoughts.更多还原