【作者】 杨欢；

【导师】 李天纲；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 宗教学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经典世俗化关于“宗教会伴随现在化的进程趋于衰亡”的预言的失败,以罗德尼·斯达克为代表人物的“理性选择理论”(又称宗教市场论、宗教经济学)是当代宗教社会学中最热门的理论之一。在经济学及其相关的学科之外,理性选择理论(Rational Choice Theory)并没有获得广泛的承认,随着霍曼斯(George C. Homans)把理性选择理论引入到了社会学研究,理性选择理论在社会学领域有了长足的发展。罗德尼·斯达克沿着这条路径,从亚当·斯密出发,把经济学中理性人假设和自由主义经济学用到解释宗教现象中,经过十几年的努力,将新古典主义经济学的一些理论和方法引入宗教研究,逐步建立了理解宗教现象的“经济学模式”,并构建了一套比较系统的理论论述和研究方法,从微观到中观再到宏观地演绎出一套可证伪的命题体系。并对当今的宗教现象和宗教现实有着巨大的解释力,被称为代替世俗化这一“旧范式”的“新范式”。本文通过梳理理性选择理论的代表人物包括罗德尼·斯达克,劳伦斯·伊安那康、罗杰·芬克关于理性选择理论的论文及著作,在分析理性选择理论的发展脉络和主要观点过程中,首先论述了理性选择理论与经典世俗化观点、社会学理性选择理论的内在关系,并对其发展脉络进行梳理；在此基础上对微观、中观和宏观的理论分别进行论述和分析,并突出强调了伊安那康的经济学研究路径与斯达克宗教社会学研究路径的异同,对整个理性选择理论体系作了细致、全面论述的基础之上对理性选择理论的解释力进行经验上的检验,并对其理论的前提、预设及对宗教市场的预言提出审慎地思考和评述,对其理论本身的问题和经验的预言提出思考,强调其理论并非具有所宣言的“普适性”观点,而其最大的意义在于通过对理性选择理论进行评述和反思,为宗教社会学特别是中国宗教社会学研究带来的思考和启发。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the failure of the prophecy "Religion will decline accompanied by the process of modernization" claimed by classic secularization, rational choice theory (RCT, also known as the religious market theory, religion, economics) becomes one of the most popular theories in contemporary sociology.Outside the confined of economics and closely related disciplines, rational choice has not gained wide acceptance. As George C. Homans bring the rational choice theory into a sociological study. Rational choice theory has made great progress in the field of sociology. Rodney Stark goes along the path, succeeds to use the rational choice to explain the phenomenon of religion and gradually establishes "economic models" of religious phenomena. Rodney Stark and Roger Fink build a systematic discussion of the theory and research methods, is called the "new paradigm" instead of "old paradigm" of secularization.This article is based on the papers and books of rational choice theory (e.g. Rodney Stark, Laurence R. Iannaccone, Roger Fink). Firstly I try to state the intrinsic relationship among rational choice theory, classical socialization perspective and the sociology rational choice theory, and to sort out the development of RCT (Rational Choice Theory). On this basis, the micro, meso and macro theories are discussed and analyzed separately. Especially, It highlight the economics research path and the path of sociological research in RCT, and make a detailed comprehension of the whole system of rational choice theoryIn the end, it presents the main points and development of rational choice theory. In the analysis of key points of RCT, I try to clarify the key points of RCT. Moreover, I try to bring thinking and inspiration of rational choice theory.更多还原