【作者】 王敏；

【导师】 季益富；

【作者基本信息】 安徽医科大学 ， 应用心理学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:焦虑障碍(Anxiety Disorders)是一种以焦虑情绪为主要临床表现的常见精神障碍。世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)进行了世界精神卫生调查(World Mental Health Survey,WMHS)及跨文化研究,对象包括我国在内的28个国家,该项调查统一应用中国精神疾病分类方案与诊断标准(第四版)(Chinese classification of mental disorders 4th Edition,DSM-IV)作为诊断标准,应用复合国际诊断问卷(Composite International Diagnostic Interview,CIDI)作为研究工具。从已完成该研究的美国、新西兰、加拿大、挪威、德国、澳大利亚等西方国家的14项流行病学中国发现,人群中焦虑障碍的终身患病率为13.6%-28.8%,年患病率为5.6%-19.3%,美国最高,分别为31.0%和19.0%。焦虑障碍的患病人数有明显的增加。焦虑障碍的焦虑症状包括精神焦虑、躯体焦虑,且是原发的。严重的焦虑障碍会影响患者的社会功能,患者常感到难以忍受又无法解脱,为此感到痛苦。本研究试图探讨焦虑障碍患者的依恋类型与儿童期创伤、情感自主性以及父母教养方式的关系。了解成人依恋模式对焦虑障碍的焦虑水平的影响和作用。了解焦虑障碍的病理心理特征,为临床干预和治疗,特别是心理治疗提供一些理论依据。方法:在安徽省精神卫生中心门诊部及住院部选取38名诊断为焦虑障碍的患者作为研究组,在安徽省精神卫生中心门诊部、住院部以及安徽医科大学选取在年龄、性别、教育年限上匹配的39名正常成年人作为正常对照组,采用成人依恋量表(AAQ3.1),父母教养方式量表(PBI),情绪自主性量表(EAS)和儿童期创伤问卷(CTQ)为研究工具,对两组被试的依恋、父母教养方式、情绪自主性和儿童期创伤分别进行测量,并使用SPSS17.0对数据进行统计分析。结果:①焦虑障碍组与正常对照组相比,其依恋类型多属于不安全型(占84.2%)。②焦虑障碍组和对照组在依恋、儿童期创伤、情感自主性的部分维度上存在差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③焦虑障碍患者的依恋各维度与情感自主性、儿童期创伤和父母教养方式存在不同程度相关,且个体化、母亲关爱、父母控制、情感虐待和性虐待对依恋因子有预测作用。结论:焦虑障碍患者的依恋类型多属于不安全型,情感自主性、儿童期创伤和父母教养方式对焦虑障碍患者的依恋有显著影响,且对依恋有预测作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Anxiety Disorders is a kind of Anxiety as the main performance of common mental disorders. The World Health Organization(WHO) World Mental Health survey(WMHS) and cross-cultural research object of the 28 countries, including China. The research unified application of Chinese classification of getting disorders fourth Edition, DSM-Ⅳ) as a Diagnostic criteria, application of Composite International Diagnostic questionnaire(Composite International Diagnostic Interview, CIDI) as a research tool. To have completed the survey research of America, New Zealand, Canada, Norway, Germany, Australia and other western countries found in 14 epidemiology, the crowd lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorder was 13.6%-13.6%, annual rates of 5.6% to 19.3%, the United States supreme, 31.0% and 19.0%. Anxiety disorders increase in the number of sick. Anxiety symptoms of Anxiety disorders include mental anxiety and somatic anxiety, and are the primary. Serious anxiety disorders can affect the patient’s social function, including learning and work efficiency and quality of life, interpersonal communication, etc., patients often feel unbearable and can’t escape, feel the pain. This study attempts to explore the attachment type of patients with anxiety disorders of childhood trauma, the relationship between emotional autonomy and parents’ upbringing. In the understanding of adult attachment mode affect the anxiety level of anxiety disorder and role at the same time. Understand the pathological psychological characteristics of adult anxiety disorders, for clinical intervention and treatment, especially the psychological treatment to provide some theoretical basis.Methods 38 outpatients and hospital patients with anxiety disorders were involved as the case group, 39 age-gender and education-matched normal adults as the normal control group The case group and control group were assessed with adult attachment questionnaire(AAQ3.1), parents upbringing questionnaire(PBI), emotional autonomy scale(EAS) and childhood trauma questionnaire(CTQ), using SPSS17.0 to analyze data.Results1: The anxiety disorder group compared with the control group, which mostly insecure attachment style(84.2%). 2: Anxiety Disorder and normal control group, there were significant differences in attachment, childhood trauma, emotional autonomy part dimensions, and there was statistically significant(P<0.05).3: anxiety disorders and emotional attachment to the dimensions of autonomy, there are different degrees of correlation, and individualized care for mothers childhood trauma and parenting styles, parental control, emotional abuse and sex abuse of factors predictive of attachment.Conclusion Anxiety disorders are mostly insecure attachment styles, emotional autonomy, childhood trauma and parenting styles of attachment anxiety disorders have a significant impact, and have prediction effect.更多还原