【作者】 刘晓；

【导师】 苏彦新；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 民商法学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 出资是股东对公司的第一要务,也是唯一义务。股东履行完自己的出资义务,则股东对公司再无义务,更无责任。如果股东出资瑕疵,瑕疵出资行为必然导致民事责任的承担。在实践中,股东瑕疵出资现象屡见不鲜。在立法的表述上没有“瑕疵出资”一词,在理论界,学者对瑕疵出资的认识有不同的观点。股东瑕疵出资承担责任,首先应对瑕疵出资行为和表现形态进行界定。其次,具有股东资格,股东通过出资获得股东资格和股东权利,具备股东资格才能以股东瑕疵出资为由请求其承担瑕疵出资的民事责任。股东瑕疵出资并不影响股东资格个认定,但是股权会有受到限制的可能。各国公司法律规范中均对瑕疵出资民事责任作出了规制,大陆法系国家和英美法系国家由于在资本制度的选择上不同,对于股东出资的规制也不同,因此在瑕疵出资民事责任的规制上也是不同,各自体现本法系的规制特色。大陆法系国家规制的主要特点在于股东就瑕疵出资行为积极承担责任,如果其他股东有责任则应与瑕疵出资股东承担连带责任。英美法系的规定的特点在于瑕疵出资股东的个体责任和股东资格的丧失。我国关于股东瑕疵出资民事责任的规制从内容上来看借鉴了其他大陆法系国家的规制,民事责任内容规制基本涵盖了大陆法系国家中所有责任规制的内容,因此缺乏原创性。从我国《公司法》和司法解释的规定上看,股东瑕疵出资应当向公司承担民事责任,在一定的场合下应向足额出资股东和公司债权人承担责任。我国在瑕疵出资民事责任的规制上内容比较丰富,但是《公司法》和司法解释在瑕疵出资民事责任规制方面仍有理论探讨之处,如责任性质比重规制上不尽合理,责任类型层次性模糊,责任承担形式缺失等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Capital contribution of shareholder is the first priority and the only obligation for the company, shareholder perform its capital contribution obligations, he will have no obligation and no more responsibility for the company. If shareholder flaw capital contribution, defective capital contribution behavior will lead to civil liability. In practice, the defective capital contribution often occurs. In the legislation there is no word expresses defective capital contribution and scholars have have different view of it. Shareholder should bear the obligations because of defective capital contribution, first of all we should define the the behavior and performance form of defective capital contribution. Secondly, shareholder must obtain the qualification and rights of shareholder through investment, shareholder who have the qualification of corporation can claim the shareholder to bear the civil liability of defective capital contribution based on shareholder’s defective capital contribution. Shareholder defective capital contribution does not affect shareholder qualification confirmation, but will limited equity. Corporate law in each country regulates civil liability of defective capital contribution, the civil law countries and common law countries choice different capital system, as a result of different shareholder capital contribution, so the defective capital contribution of civil liability has different regulations and characteristics. The main features of the civil law countries is that shareholder should bear responsibility actively for defective capital contribution behavior, the other shareholders have jointly and severally liable if they have fault responsibility. The characteristics of the provisions of the common law system lies in individual responsibility of the shareholder and the loss of their qualifications. Civil liability of defective capital contribution of shareholder of our country reference to the rules of other civil law countries from the content, the regulation of civil liability covers all regulation of the mainland legal system country and lack of originality. Shareholder who flaw capital contribution shall bear civil liability to the company and in a certain situation shall be liable to full specified amount paid shareholders and creditors of the corporate from the regulation of our country "company law" and judicial interpretation. But the regulation of company law and judicial interpretation on liability ratio is not reasonable and lack of responsibility form and so on.更多还原