【作者】 李杨；

【导师】 王幼松；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 结构工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 地铁车辆段在地铁建设工程中占有核心地位,具有施工工序多,施工复杂和施工专业多等特点。工程变更在地铁车辆段建设过程经常发生,主要表现出变更数量多、变更金额大以及对总投资影响大等问题。随着我国地铁行业快速发展,工程变更已经成为我国地铁行业走向成熟发展的制约因素。因此,本文以广州地铁车辆段工程为例,针对地铁车辆段工程变更问题进行了分析和研究。本文通过对广州地铁车辆段典型工程进行实地调研,按照变更金额大小对变更进行分类,了解广州地铁车辆段工程变更的现状,发现广州地铁车辆段工程变更主要发生的是Ⅲ和Ⅳ类,即变更金额大于50万,占总变更量的98.29%,变更的主要原因是由于设计遗漏或设计完善、业主要求、专业接口冲突或提资未落实,变更专业主要是建筑和结构专业。提出从审批流程和管理方法来对广州地铁车辆段工程变更来进行优化。在审批流程优化中,利用BPR(业务流程重组)理论对原有审批流程进行优化,提出放权于流程、设计三级审批制度和建立设计管理部门来管理设计变更的建议,并根据建议编制和优化了工程变更审批流程。在管理优化过程中,利用博弈论进行承包商和建设方的工程变更行为博弈分析,发现工程变更的影响因素有惩罚力度、寻租成本、建设方的职权和公司名誉损失等。为此,建议广州地铁总公司加强监督机制建立,完善合同管理流程;加强企业诚信库的建设,对承包商进行适当诚信评级;建立有效的合同变更激励和约束机制;以及建立第三方评估制度等。最后,论文对13版清单与其他关于工程变更价款调整文件进行对比分析,找出其中的不同,主要体现在:对于变更工程量考虑了合同类型不同的影响;对于变更综合单价考虑到变更工程量变化幅度以及投标报价因素。相对于08版清单,更符合实际情况。同时,根据13版清单规范,构建了工程变更价款调整的公式,并运用广州地铁车辆段工程案例进行分析,案例发现合理的运用13版清单,在一定程度上是可以降低变更总价。更多还原

【Abstract】 Metro depot occupies a central position in the subway construction project. It has many complex construction processes and needs many construction professionals. Therefore, engineering changes occur quiet frequently in the metro depot construction project. The engineering changes in the metro depot show the problems of high number of changes, large money needed to changs and big influence on the total investment. With the rapid development of China’s subway industry, that has become the restriction factor to develop our metro industry more mature. So this paper take Guangzhou Metro depot as an example to analyze the engineering changes and find ways to solve there problems.Through field research on Guangzhou metro depot typical engineering, classify the changes according to size of change amount.finding out the current situation of Guangzhou metro depot engineering changes, this article discovered some results as followed. For the class of the changes,the mainly changes happened in the metro depot are Ⅲ and Ⅳ(the amount of the changes are larger than 500000) with the percentage of 98.29%. For the views of the reason, the omission or improvement of design, the requirements of owners and professional interface conflict are the main factors. On the aspet of change professional, architectural and structural professional had the most changes. Therefore, this paper proposed to optimize Guangzhou metro depot engineering changes from the approval process and management methods. As the process optimization, this paper used the BPR theory to optimize the original approval process and proposed the suggestion of decentralization in the process, building three-tier approval system and seting up design administration to manage designed changes. In the process of approval optimization, use game theory to build a game model between clients and contractors and found that the power of punishment, rent-seeking cost, construction of party authority and company reputation loss are the factors influencing the contract change. The Guangzhou Metro Corporation is given four suggestions. Frist, establish and strengthen supervision mechanism and improve the contract management process; Second, strengthen the construction of enterprise integrity library and appropriately do credit rating on the contractors.Third, establish an effective incentive and constraint mechanism for Contract change;Last but not least, establish the third party evaluation system.Finally, thisarticle comtrasted Code of valuation with bill quantity of 2013 to other papers on the price adjustment of engineering Change, two differences between them were found.For the quantity, relative to the 2008’s, the 2013’s consider the influence of the contract tpye. For the integrated unit, relative to the 2008’s, the 2013’s consider the influence of the quantity changedmagnitude and the tender offer. Those changes make Code of valuation with bill quantity of 2013 more realistic. Based on the Code of valuation with bill quantity of 2013, this article constructed the formula to adjust the engineering changes price. Use the formula on the case of Guang zhou metro depot, it showed that using Code of valuation with bill quantity of 2013 rationally benefit for reducing the total changing amount.更多还原