【作者】 赵亮；

【导师】 宋永增；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 高速铁路的发展,无疑给我们的生活带来了便利,但列车运行速度越高,列车零部件的使用条件越恶化,对列车可靠性与安全性的要求也越高。检修限度是确定零部件检修时机的主要依据,科学、合理的检修限度不仅可以保证动车组良好的技术状态,而且还可以节约检修成本。车轮作为列车安全运行的关键走行部部件,对其强度、寿命等也提出了更高的要求,车辆运行伴随着车轮的磨耗和损伤,为了恢复型面,对车轮进行镟修,从而导致车轮直径不断减小。因此通过理论分析研究,探索进一步减小车轮直径限度的可行性,从而确定车轮直径的最大检修限度,对增加车轮使用寿命,提高车轮使用经济型,以及对目前CRH2型动车组检修制度优化都有着重要意义。本文以CRH2型动车组车轮为研究对象,运用CAD、Pro E等三维软件建立了车轮的三维实体模型,并进行网格划分,基于UIC510-5标准的三种工况应用ANSYS软件对车轮结构进行了有限元分析。在结构强度方面,分别从车轮所承受的最大应力以及横截面内外的应力方面研究了轮径的变化对车轮强度的影响规律。采用关键部位疲劳强度分析和整体结构疲劳强度分析两种方法对车轮的疲劳强度进行了对比研究,通过对不同直径车轮的疲劳强度研究计算,寻找车轮疲劳强度薄弱的部位,并探究车轮直径变化对车轮同一部位疲劳强度的影响,从而为确定车轮直径最大检修限度提供理论依据。由于UIC标准下车轮的受力加载方式不能对车轮轮辋进行强度评价,因此通过轮轨接触理论,对车轮在不同的接触位置以及不同的轮径下进行了对比分析,研究车轮轮辋在轮轨接触状态下的应力变化规律。最后分析总结,从结构强度和疲劳强度角度上考虑,对车轮的最小直径限度,即车轮直径最大检修限度提出了新的建议值,并通过理论分析对该直径下的车轮进行了分析验证,研究表明该车轮的结构强度、疲劳强度等均满足列车安全运行要求。最后通过本文分析对比结果,对车轮外形提出改进建议,从而确保车轮直径最大检修限度的安全性及可靠性。本文对CRH2型动车组车轮强度以及限度研究方面有一定的参考意义；其研究成果对高速列车车轮的结构设计、优化、延长车轮使用寿命等方面提供一定的理论依据：同时,对进一步完善CRH2型动车组修程具有一定参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of high-speed rail undoubtedly brings convenience to our lives, but the higher speed of trains and the worse using conditions of train parts demand higher reliability and security of the train. Inspection and repair limit is the main basis that determines the timing of component overhaul. Scientific and rational locomotive repair limit can not only ensure EMU in good technical condition, but also can save costs. The wheel is a key component of running gear that ensure an EMU operate safe, so its strength and durability are put forward higher requirements. When vehicle operates, with the wheel having wear and damnation, we must repair wheels, so we must turn wheel repair in order to restore the wheel profile, but the diameter of wheel will become smaller. Explore the feasibility of further reducing the wheel diameter limit by theoretical analyzing and determine the maximum wheel diameter limit, which is significant to increased wheel life, improve the use of wheels and the current CRH2maintenance system optimization.In this dissertation, high-speed multiple units of CRH2is chosen as the research subject. A three-dimensional solid model of the wheel is built by CAD, Pro E and is meshed by Hypermesh. It is fainted element analysis by the software of ANSYS based on three conditions of UIC510-5standard.This paper studies the influence of structural strength when wheel diameter changes from the maximum stress endured by wheel and the stress of the inside and outside cross-section.Wheel fatigue strength were compared with two methods of fatigue analysis under key parts and the whole structure. We can find the weak wheel fatigue strength weak parts and explore the influence given wheel diameter change on fatigue strength of wheels same site through calculating fatigue strength of different diameter wheels so that we can provide a theoretical basis for determining the minimum wheel diameter limits.Due to the force loading of UIC standards can not evaluate the rim intensity evaluation, the wheel at different contact state and a different wheel diameter were analyzed by the wheel-rail contact theory and study on stress variation of the wheel rim in the wheel-rail contact state.Finally, from the viewpoint of structural strength and fatigue strength point of view, the minimum diameter limit for wheels is put forward new values. According to the theoretical analysis the wheel of the diameter were analyzed to verify. Studies have shown that the structural strength and fatigue strength of the wheel meet the requirements of safe operation of trains. Finally, through analyzing and comparing the results of this article, the wheel shape is recommended for improvement to ensure security and reliability of maximum wheel diameter limit.This article has some reference significance for wheel strength and limit research of CRH2EMU. Research results provide some theoretical basis for the high-speed train wheel structure design, extending wheel life and other aspects. At the same time, it has a certain reference value to further improve the CRH2maintenance.更多还原