【作者】 王志军；

【导师】 胡封晔；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来随着智能硬件、人机交互和可穿戴设备等前沿技术的迅速发展，无线体域网作为物联网和上述技术的交叉领域得到了广泛的关注。无线体域网已经在医疗监护、军事、休闲娱乐、航空和体育等方面有了诸多应用，蕴含着广阔的商业前景和科研价值。但是，无论从理论研究还是技术实现层面都有很多瓶颈，为了推进无线体域网的发展很多问题亟待解决。针对无线体域网的低功耗、小型化和可移动性等特点，本文从理论研究出发以优化无线体域网的生存期为目标，从能效和可靠性两方面进行展开研究。随着5G移动通信的研究进展，要求在高带宽信道上可以获得更高的数据速率，MIMO技术再度得到了广泛的关注。但是，无线体域网的传感器节点仅有单天线MIMO技术无法实现，协作通信技术成为新的解决方法。协作通信在传感器节点只有单一天线的情况下，通过传感器节点之间的合作实现空间分集。协作机制下传输可以节省无线体域网的能量消耗和提高网络的可靠性。本文基于无线体域网协作通信的关键技术进行展开研究，主要的研究工作如下：第一，以优化无线体域网生存期和提高网络可靠性为目标，构建了无线体域网协作机制下网络模型和信道统计模型。研究了适合协作机制下无线体域网的最佳传输策略和信号合并方法。第二，以最大化无线体域网的生存期为目标，研究了现有的能效指标函数，包括最大剩余能量模式、最优信道模式、最大最小模式和DPLM模式。在均衡可靠性的前提下，研究了直接传输和协作传输模式下基于误码率限制的功率控制机制。第三，提出了以能效指标函数为衡量标准的能效中继选择算法，通过仿真实验分别对400MHZ、2.4GHz和超宽带三种不同频段进行了仿真，仿真实验证明了在大多数应用场景中，DPLM模式的中继选择算法具有最优的网络生存期性能。第四，进行了协作机制下分布式传输调度算法的设计，主要针对无线体域网的物理层、数据链路层和MAC层进行分布式设计。在物理层，提出在误码率限制下，基于M-PSK调制的最优功率分配策略；在数据链路层，提出分布式DPLM传输协议，协议考虑了信道状态信息和剩余能量信息；在媒体接入控制层，运用了基于IEEE802.15.6标准改进的两跳媒体接入控制协议。最后通过仿真实验证明了提出的分布式传输调度算法在保证体域网可靠性的前提下，最大化了无线体域网的生存期性能。本文的主要工作为解决无线体域网的能效和可靠性问题提供了新的方法；提出的分布式传输调度算法进一步优化了无线体域网的生存期性能，对无线体域网的后续研究具有一定的借鉴价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the rapid development of intelligent hardware, man-machineinteraction and wearable devices and other cutting-edge technology, wireless bodyarea network （WBAN） as the cross field of the internet of things (IoT) and thestated technology above has received wide attention. WBAN have applied in medicalmonitoring, military, entertainment, aviation, sports and so on, containing a vastcommercial prospects and research value. However, there are many bottlenecks intheoretical research or technical implementation. In order to promote the developmentof WBAN a lot of problems need to be solved. Because WBAN have characteristicsof low power dissipation, miniaturization and mobility etc, this article embarks fromthe theoretical research aiming at two aspects of energy efficiency and reliability inorder to optimize the lifetime of WBAN.As the research progress of5G mobile communications, owing to the requirementsof achieving high data rate in a high bandwidth channel, MIMO technology has beenwidely concerned again. However, on account of that sensor nodes of WBAN haveonly single antenna, MIMO technology can’t achieve and cooperative communicationbecome a new method to solve the problem. Even though sensor nodes have onlysigle antenna, cooperative communication can achieve spatial diversity by sensornodes cooperation. Cooperative transmission mechanism can save energyconsumption of WBAN and improve the reliability of the system. In this paper, thekey technologies of cooperative communication based on WBAN are researched, themain research work is as follows:Firstly, the network model of WBAN and the channel statistical model have beenestablished in cooperative mechanism in order to optimize the lifetime of WBAN andimprove the reliability of system. The best transmission strategy and signal combiningmethod of WBAN have been studied in cooperative mechanism.Secondly, the existing efficiency index functions have been studied, including themaximum residual energy mode, the optimal channel mode, the max-min mode and DPLM mode to maximize the lifetime of WBAN as the goal. Under the premise oftrading off reliability, the power control mechanisms based on bit error rateconstraints have been studied in the direct transmission mode and the cooperativetransmission mode.Thirdly, energy efficient relay selection algorithms which are measured by theenergy efficiency index functions were proposed. Simulation experiments haverespectively been done though MATLAB software in frequency band of400MHz,2.4GHz and ultra wideband. The simulation results prove that relay selectionalgorithm of DPLM mode has the optimal network lifetime performance in mostapplication scenarios.Fourthly, distributed transmission scheduling algorithm is designed in cooperativemechanism. In WBAN, Physical layer, data link layer and MAC layer are mainlyprocessed in a distributed design. In the physical layer, under the constrains of biterror rate, a optimal power allocation strategy based on M-PSK modulation isproposed. In the data link layer, a distributed DPLM transmission protocol whichtakes channel state information and residual energy information into consideration isproposed. In the media access control layer, modified two hop media access controlprotocol based on IEEE802.15.6standard is used. The simulation results prove thatthe proposed distributed transmission scheduling algorithm under the premise ofensuring the network reliability maximizes the network lifetime performance.The main work of this paper provides a new method to solve the problems ofenergy efficiency and reliability in WBAN. The distributed transmission schedulingalgorithm proposed further optimize the lifetime performance of WBAN, which has acertain reference value to subsequent research of WBAN.更多还原