【作者】 徐佳；

【导师】 邵学峰； 郝忠仁；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 工业工程（专业学位）， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会主义市场经济的不断深化发展，尤其是我国加入WTO之后，国民经济融入国际经济一体化进程，在全球范围内，各类生产因素加大了全球化配置、重组的程度。我国企业外界环境不断变化，面临越来越激烈的竞争挑战，为了应对日趋复杂的国际市场，我国更多地通过科学立法和严格执法来促进和规范市场经济运行，我国企业也在不断通过提高管理实现经济效益的增收。当前，石油行业产品盈利空间越来越小，多数企业通过内部挖潜、降本增效提高企业盈利能力，在企业的生产要素成本中，各种物资采购成本占大多数。采购管理也成为企业挖掘内部利润、降低成本的有效途径。我国石油企业普遍具有庞大的生产规模，对采购风险进行良好的控制，就可以对企业销售、生产等环节的风险管理进行有效杜绝。石油企业物资采购管理涉及面广，包括采购需求、计划管理、采购流程、库存管理、验收入库、财务核算等，同时，物资采购管理工作还需要考虑到制定合理的采购价格、数量，建立安全库存，缩减企业采购成本，提高盈利能力等，同时还会考虑外部竞争、内部规范、电子商务等诸多因素。基于此，必须建立现代化的采购管理理念，采取先进的通讯技术、信息技术，进一步优化采购工作，及时发现、纠正采购中的不良工作环节，建立严格的采购制度，才可以做到真正的规避采购风险，从而提高采购效益。但需要注意的是，当前我国石油企业计划经济惯性影响依然存在，采购管理方法不够创新，管理体制僵硬，组织结构老化，这些已经成为影响石油企业采购管理的一个重要问题。基于上述背景，本文结合我国石油企业物资采购管理现状，对物资采购风险管理进行研究。首先给出了本文的研究背景，引出本文的研究目的与研究意义，即改进、完善石油企业管材设备物资采购风险管理，并对同行业其它类型物资采购管理产生借鉴作用；进而阐述了物资采购、风险管理等理论，建立了本文的理论基础；然后在该理论框架的基础上，对我国石油企业现行的管材设备采购管理工作进行描述，分别从内部、外部等方面探究风险点，从中找出采购管理工作存在的问题；进而结合石油企业管材设备采购管理的特征，运用现代采购管理理论提出了采购管理风险控制的策略，包括风险识别、风险控制等措施，从而为我国石油企业建立了的新的、科学合理的采购管理方案，最后进行了总结与展望，总结了本文工作，提出了未来研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous deepening of the development of socialist marketeconomy, especially after China’s accession to the WTO, the national economy intothe international economic integration process, in the global scope, the production ofvarious types of factors increased globalization configuration, the extent ofrecombination. The external environment of the enterprise of our country ischanging constantly, facing more and more fierce competition, in order to cope withthe increasingly complex international market, our country more to promote andregulate the operation of the market economy by means of scientific legislation andstrict law enforcement, China’s enterprises have constantly through improve theeconomic management income.At present, the profit space more and more small oil industry products, themajority of enterprises through internal potential, lower the efficiency to improvethe profitability of the business, the key elements of enterprise production cost,purchasing cost is the most important of all materials, procurement managementbecomes the effective way for enterprise to profit from the interior of the mining. Oilcompanies a larger production scale, good control of procurement risk, is equal tothe starting point and the source control the risk management of enterpriseproduction, marketing and other aspects of. Because the petroleum enterprisematerial purchasing management involves planning, procurement management,inventory management, procurement requirements, acceptance of storage,distribution and use of cost accounting and other aspects of the content, discusseshow to optimize the procurement in enterprise material purchasing management in quantity and price, to determine the reasonable inventory, reduce procurement costsof enterprises, increase the profitability of the business, we must consider manyaspects of modern electronic commerce needs, external competition, standardizedmanagement and other factors, therefore, only the use of support of modernadvanced information technology and communication technology, standardized thepurchasing work, eliminate the existing procurement adverse work link, strengthenthe institutionalization construction procurement work, to avoid the purchase risk,realize the maximum benefits of purchasing chemical.But the need to pay attention to is, still exist in current petroleum enterprises ofour country planned economy inertia effect, procurement management method is notinnovation, the management system is rigid, the organizational structure of the aging,these have become an important problem that affects the procurement managementof petroleum enterprises. Based on the above background, this article unifies ourcountry petroleum enterprise material purchasing management present situation, toresearch on risk management of material purchase. First of all, gives the researchbackground, research purpose and significance of this leads to the improvement ofpetroleum enterprises, namely, improving pipe equipment procurement riskmanagement, and generates a reference role for the same industry in other types ofmaterials purchasing management; and then describes the material procurement, riskmanagement theory, establish the theoretical foundation of this paper; then based onthe theoretical framework, the description of the petroleum enterprises in ourcountry the existing pipe equipment procurement management work, explore therisk points respectively from internal, external aspects, find out the existingproblems in purchasing management work; and then combined with thecharacteristic of petroleum enterprise pipe management of equipment procurement,the use of modern procurement management theory put forward purchasingmanagement risk control strategy, including risk identification, risk control measures, so as to China’s oil enterprises to establish a new, scientific and reasonablepurchasing management scheme, finally has carried on the summary and prospect,summarizes the work of this paper, puts forward the future research direction.更多还原