【作者】 刘彬；

【导师】 邓贵仕；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， EMBA（专业学位）， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 30多年前,招商港务(深圳)有限公司(以下简称招商港务)在深圳建成第一个装卸码头,成为“蛇口和整个深圳特区的生命线”,为推动深圳城市的发展做出了不朽贡献。30多年后的今天,招商港务已发展成为散杂货吞吐量超千万吨、集装箱超百万标准箱的综合性港口,蛇口也已经从昔日的一个小渔镇变成了集商务金融服务、创意文化、高新技术、港口物流为一体的“最适合人类生活、工作的地方”。但是,招商港务在区域经济发展中的地位和作用却随之发生了显著的变化。首先,招商港务作为城市“生命线”的角色逐步淡出,相反,因为港口作业所带来的粉尘、噪音、道路污染与拥挤等成为影响城市发展的“结构性矛盾”问题,而不得不服从于深圳市和蛇口工业区的整体城市规划,将岸线和港口土地资源让出,改为城市功能,并退出公司的支柱货种—散铁矿；其次,招商港务作为具有一定规模的综合性港口和完全市场经济体制下的商业机构,所辐射的除了蛇口、深圳之外,更多的是珠三角甚至华南地区,面对的市场竞争格局是整个华南甚至西南沿海。第三,作为一个老的港口,一个边建设、边经营、边发展的企业,招商港务还面临着规划的先天性不足、设备设施老化与滞后、人员结构老化、缺乏高素质管理人才等内部困境。面对内外部环境的变化,资源萎缩、业务结构受限制、区域内产能过剩、市场竞争加剧,招商港务如何化“危”为“机”,找出对策,走出经营与发展困境,成为摆在管理层面前的一个非常重要而又严峻的课题。本文通过对招商港务的经营发展情况,包括资源配置、吞吐量、货种结构、资产回报等进行数量研究分析,找出了招商港务当前面临的困境和产生困境的原因；利用传统的SWOT方法,对招商港务的经营环境进行评估和分析,同时对腹地市场进行调研,分析招商港务的发展机遇,提出公司的经营对策以及保障措施。本文不仅为招商港务走出困境提供发展思路,而且对于港口行业的创新发展、港口与城市的和谐发展都有一定的借鉴意义。本文研究内容主要包括：第一部分是介绍研究背景和意义、研究的思路、方法和主要内容；第二部分是相关理论综述,包括有关港口理论、相关企业经营理论；第三部分是公司经营状况；第四部分是面临的困境,包括外部困境和内部困境；第五部分是企业经营环境分析,包括企业内外部环境评估与分析；第六部分是经营发展对策及保障措施,包括发展策略选择与分析、经营举措和保障措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 More than30years ago, China Merchants Port Service (Shenzhen) Co., LTD (hereinafter referred to as "CMPS") built the first shipping dock in Shenzhen, which became ’the lifeline of She Kou and the entire Shenzhen special zone’and made distinct contribution to the development of the city. Today, more than30years later, CMPS has developed into a comprehensive port with over ten millions tons bulk cargo throughput and over millions container TEU throughput. Meanwhile, as a district combining business financial service, creative culture, high technology and port logistics as a whole, She Kou has been turned into the most suitable place for living and working from a small fish-town.However, there has been distinct changes of CMPS’s status and role in the district economic development. First of all, CMPS has not been the lifeline of the city and conversely became a "structural contradiction" due to the dust, noise pollution, crowded and polluted road problems arising from port operation. Therefore, CMPS has to be subordinated to the whole city planning of Shenzhen city and She Kou industrial zone, turn over the costal line and land resources and drop out of its business mainstay--terminal service of bulk iron ore. Secondly, as a large comprehensive port enterprise and a commercial organization under the wholly market economic system, CMPS’s service covers not only She Kou or the Shenzhen city, but also the Pearl Delta and the whole South China. It is confronted with the market competition from the whole South China and especially from the southwest. Thirdly, as an old port and a developing enterprise under construction and operation in the past, CMPS is faced with the interior difficulties such as lack of preplanning, old equipment and facilities, aged employees, lack of senior management talents and so on.Confronted with the interior and exterior environment--shrinking resources, limited business structure, overcapacity in the area and aggravated competition, how CMPS finds the way to deal with these crisis has become an very important and difficult issue in front of the management team.Based on the quantity research and analysis of the years’ operation and development situation of CMPS, including its resources allocation, throughput, cargo types and return on assets, this thesis is to present the current difficult situation and the causes of it and to make evaluation and analysis of CMPS’s operation environment by using the traditional SWOT method. Meanwhile, it furthers to make survey and analysis of CMPS’s hinterland market, analyze its development opportunities and put forward the operation solutions and safeguard measures. Based on the above, the strategic object and development solutions of CMPS will be put forward. This thesis is not only to help CMPS find its development solutions, but also provide reference for the strategic development of port industry and the planning and development of the newly emerging port cities.The contents of this thesis include the following parts:(1) the introduction of research background and meaning, research methods and main contents;(2) the relevant theoretical overview:port theory and company operation theory;(3) operation status;(4) difficulties: interior and exterior difficulties;(5)the analysis of company operation environments:the assessment and analysis of interior and exterior environment;(6) company’ s operation, including solutions principle of choosing, the safeguards of the company’s operation and development.更多还原