【作者】 林洁；

【导师】 迟连城；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 美术学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 尼古拉·菲钦于1881年出生在俄罗斯伏尔加河畔的喀山城,是俄罗斯20世纪美术史上极具个性且不可遗忘的一位天才型画家。1895年他被喀山美术学校录取。1900年,菲钦进入圣·彼得堡皇家美术学院,一年后在列宾工作室学习。1910年,菲钦的个人作品展首次在美国展出,回到家乡在喀山美术学校任教。1916年菲钦加入巡回美术展览协会,获美术学院院士的称号,创作了一系列肖像画作品。1923年菲钦离开喀山,前往美国纽约并于1924年在美国芝加哥举办个人画展,他以《雕版师魏斯》一画赢得了国家设计院的托马斯·普罗克特奖,获得纽约艺术学院画像的一等奖,他还参加了在勃鲁克耐博物馆举办的“当代俄罗斯艺术展”。菲钦的系列展览活动轰动美国画界,受到了社会上的好评。尼古拉·菲钦通过对艺术实践不断地探索,形成了自己独具代表的“菲钦式”油画。后人将他的创作历程归为四个阶段,分别为：启蒙时期、美院时期、喀山时期和侨居时期。菲钦遗留下来的作品并不多,许多毁于战争和迁移,部分作品遗失在各类国际画展中。他的一些作品被私人收藏,后期作品基本留在美国。菲钦的家乡俄罗斯喀山造型艺术馆收藏了他于1923年出国之前的作品。俄罗斯联邦的几个国家和地方博物馆也留有他少量作品。菲钦具有相当高的艺术造诣,他在素描、油画、雕塑、版画及艺术教育领域方面皆有自己独到的才能,以素描和油画领域较为突出。因此,对菲钦及其绘画艺术进行深入研究具有一定的现实意义和理论意义。菲钦在肖像画领域具有杰出的成就,他的绘画作品以肖像画居多,独具代表。本文重点对其的油画作品进行分析与研究,将他在不同时期的人物油画作品进行分类与整理,分别从人物头像、半身像、全身像、风俗画进行分类研究,对他的绘画发展脉络进行全面的梳理与分析。同时本文综合地分析了菲钦绘画风格形成的缘由,并将其归结为四个主要缘由,它们分别为：家庭背景及时代背景对其产生的影响,受印象派和后印象派色彩的影响,对菲钦绘画艺术产生影响的重要人物以及地域特征与文化情境对其产生的影响四个方面。其次,本文对菲钦的油画风景画和静物画做了简要的分析与研究,并对菲钦的作画过程进行具体的分析与探究,从他的绘画选材,使用方式与方法,运笔等多方面进行探析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nikoai Fechin was born in the Volga River City of Russian Kazan in1881, he is a genius artist of Russia’s twentieth Century history of art individuality and not be forgotten. He was admitted to the Kazan art School in1895. In1900,Fechin worked in St. Petersburg Royal Academy of Fine Arts.After a year, he studied at Repin studio. In1910, Fechin’s personal exhibition exhibited in USA for the first time, he returned as a teacher upon graduation in Kazan art school. In1916Fechin joined the tour exhibition of Fine Arts Association, Academy of Fine Arts, title, created a series of portraits. In1923Fechin leave Kazan, went to New York and held personal exhibitions in Chicago of American in1924, he won the National Academy of design in order to "block division Weiss" a painting of the Thomas Procter Award for the Art Institute of New York, won the first prize of the portrait, he also participated in the Contemporary Russian art exhibition held in Bo Lukenai Museum. The series Fechin exhibition sensation painting circles in USA, by the society.Nicola Fichin formed its own unique representative of the "Feiqin type" oil painting through the art practice, Future generations will his creative process into four stages, respectively is:the Enlightenment period, the Academy of fine arts, Kazan period and The United States time. The legacy works of Fichin are not many, many were destroyed in the war and migration, part of the work is lost in various international art exhibition. His works are in private collections, later works in USA basic. The Russia Kazan Art Museum of Fichin’s hometown collection of his works in1923before going abroad. Several national and local museums of the Russian Federation also left him a few works. Fichin has the quite high artistic attainments, he has its own unique ability in the sketch, oil painting, sculpture, printmaking and art education, especially in the field of sketch and oil painting are more prominent. Therefore, to deeply study the Fichin and painting art has the certain practical significance and theoretical significance.Fichin has outstanding achievements in the field of portrait painting, his paintings are unique to the portrait, representative. Analysis and research of this paper focused on the oil painting portraits, will he classification and sorting at different times of the portrait, respectively, from the portrait bust, body image, genre classification, sorting and analyzing comprehensively to the development of his painting. At the same time, this paper analyzes the reasons of Fichin’s painting style was formed, and it comes down to four main reasons, they respectively are:the influence of family background and the background of the times of their generation, influenced by the Impressionist and post Impressionist color, four aspects of the impact of important influence on Fichin’s painting art and regional characteristics and on the cultural context.Secondly, this paper briefly analysis and research the oil landscape painting and still life of Fichin, and specific analysis and research painting process of Fichin, from his painting material, the use of the way and method, and other aspects.更多还原